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Over 500 years of history, the Russian foreign policy department has changed 54 heads. Five of them ran Russian foreign policy for more than 20 years.
A.Gorchakov was one of them. His name is associated with many outstanding victories of Russian diplomacy.
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In 1802, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs was established. By 1816, it had a clear structure, which remained stable until the 40s of the XIX century. The head of the Foreign Ministry (with the rank of Chancellor) was the 2nd person in the state administration after the Emperor

✍️ Article for the ‘Russia in Global Affairs’ journal by Director of the Foreign Policy Planning Department of the Russian Foreign Ministry Alexey Drobinin (originally published on January 6, 2025)

The African Pole – Problems and Prospects

Key points:

• Africa’s role in global politics is steadily growing. The development of a Pan-African identity is progressing slowly. The increasing self-awareness of African peoples and their determination to make up for what was lost during the colonial and post-colonial eras serve as a powerful driving force in establishing the continent as one of the poles in a multipolar world order.

• Africa has all the prerequisites to transform into a sovereign centre of power.

• Africa remains the continent most devastated by colonialism, having been ruthlessly exploited for centuries by European powers that drained its human and material resources. The wealth plundered from Africa served as rocket fuel for the accelerated development of European countries and the United States.

• African experts lament that the West is unwilling “to recognize the right of the continent’s countries to set their own agenda” and that its policy toward opponents amounts to “punishing them for having their own interests”. Africans are dissatisfied that they are still being treated as mere extras in foreign-policy projects promoted under the banner of a ‘rules-based order’.

• The formal end of the colonial era did not bring true liberation from external dependence, particularly in the economic sphere. Despite being rich in resources, Africa, with its underdeveloped infrastructure and industries, continues to draw the attention of Western multinational corporations.

• This discriminatory arrangement, enabling Western development at others’ expense through unequal exchange, is highly advantageous to the West. To sustain and entrench this system, former colonial powers employ an extensive neo-colonial toolkit in Africa.

• The West watches with concern as Africa moves toward geopolitical sovereignty. Interestingly, the West has even called for rejecting the term ‘Global South’, alleging it to be a product of Russian propaganda.

👉 Time, however, runs its course. The main historical trend is that the era of Western dominance on the African continent has come to an end. Africa’s liberation aligns harmoniously with the broader international trend of strengthening multipolarity. The #BRICS bloc, with South Africa, Egypt, and Ethiopia currently representing Africa among its member states, is poised to play a key role in strengthening multipolarity.

• Russia intends to support the African continent as a distinctive and influential centre of world development. According to President of Russia Vladimir Putin, cooperation with African states is one of the enduring priorities of Russia’s foreign policy.

• No African state is unfriendly towards Russia. Not a single country on the continent has joined anti-Russian sanctions. Africa is among the leaders in refusing to support Western-initiated anti-Russian resolutions in the UN General Assembly.

❗️ Today marks the era of Russia’s return to the African continent. The continent is waiting for us, that Russia is seen as a force advocating for truth, equality, and justice on the international stage, defending genuine sovereignty and statehood.

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The international influence of the Russian Empire strengthened during the reign of Catherine II. Huge foreign policy accomplishments of that era include the expansion and consolidation of new territories and the recognition of the empire among the leading European powers

Under Peter the Great, a major reform of the diplomatic service system was carried out: in 1718-1720, the Ambassadorial Department was transformed into the Collegium of Foreign Affairs. This marked the emergence of the Russian Empire as a Great European power
#DiplomatsDay

🎙 Russia's Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov's article "The UN Charter Should Become the Legal Foundation of a Multipolar World", published in Russia in Global Affairs magazine (February 4, 2025)

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💬 80 years ago, on 4 February 1945, the leaders of the victors of World War II ― the Soviet Union, the United States, and Britain ― opened the Yalta Conference to determine the contours of the postwar world. <...>

One result of the negotiations was the creation of the United Nations and the approval of the UN Charter, which to this day remains the main source of international law. The Charter set forth goals and principles for countries’ behavior, which are designed to ensure their peaceful coexistence and sustained development.

The principle of the sovereign equality of states laid the foundation for the Yalta-Potsdam system: none may claim dominance, as all are formally equal regardless of territory, population, military capabilities, or other metrics.

<...> The UN-based world order fulfills its main task ― safeguarding everyone against a new world war. Truly, “the UN has not brought us to paradise but saved us from hell.”

🔹 Key points:

• The veto power enshrined in the Charter ― which is not a ‘privilege,’ but a burden of special responsibility for safeguarding peace ― serves as a solid barrier against reckless decisions and provides room for finding compromise based on a balance of interests.

• The UN has served as a unique universal platform for developing collective responses to common challenges, maintaining international peace and security and promoting socio-economic development.

• It was at the UN that, with a key role played by the USSR, the foundation was laid for the multipolar world that is now emerging before our eyes.

• The UN-centric order is thus based on international ― truly universal ― law, from which it follows that every state should abide by that law.

• Russia, like the majority of the world community, has never had any difficulty doing so. But the West was never cured of its syndrome of exceptionalism, and retains its neocolonial habits, i.e. living at the expense of others. Interstate relations based on respect for international law were, from the very beginning, not to the West’s liking.

• One manifestation of the ‘rules-based order’ was Washington’s policy of geopolitically absorbing Eastern Europe. Russia has been forced to eliminate its explosive consequences with the Special Military Operation.

❗️ Brazen attempts to reorder the world in one’s own interest, violating UN principles, may bring instability, confrontation, and even catastrophe. Given the current level of international tensions, a reckless rejection of the Yalta-Potsdam system, with the UN and its Charter at its core, will inevitably lead to chaos.

🇺🇳 Russia is ready for joint honest work to balance parties’ interests and to strengthen the legal principles of international relations. <...>

The most important thing, according to Russia's President Vladimir Putin, is “to regain an understanding of what the United Nations was created for, and to follow the principles that are set forth in its founding documents.” This should be the foremost guideline for regulating international relations in the multipolar era that has dawned.

A network of modern university campuses is being actively created in Russia

⚡️The government of Russia is implementing a program to build a network of world-class university campuses. Educational and research infrastructure is being created in 23 regions.

🏢The campus of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University has already been commissioned. The first stage of the Novosibirsk State University campus is ready.

🔬In addition, spaces are being created for training and research activities, housing and sports for students and teachers. In total, 25 such facilities are planned to be launched across the country, some of which are already operating in Nizhny Novgorod, Kaliningrad, Chelyabinsk, and Ufa.

Since November 11, 2024, the Institute and the Russkiy Mir Foundation launched a professional development program, “Internship for Foreign Teachers of Russian Studies and Students of Philology: Revival of the School of Russian Philology in African Countries,” which included distance and in-person training.

On February 3, African specialists in Russian Language from Mali, Tunisia, Niger, Ghana, Uganda, Nigeria, Madagascar, and Algeria arrived at the Pushkin State Institute of the Russian Language in Moscow to continue the program and immerse themselves in our culture and language.

📜 The training will last until February 12, and upon completion, participants will be awarded certificates and gifts.

Russia’s first foreign affairs agency – the Ambassadorial Department was established by Tsar Ivan IV after the creation of a strong united Russian State. On February 10, 1549 the Ambassadorial Department was first mentioned in official chronicles
#DiplomatsDay

The earliest known to Russian history the Treaty “On Peace and Love” with the Byzantine Empire in 860 for the first time officially brought Russia into the diplomatic arena, providing it with international recognition.
#DiplomatsDay