UPPCS SUCCESS MIND✍️

🌐 What is Dedollarisation?

Dedollarisation refers to the process of reducing reliance on the US dollar in international trade and financial transactions. Countries aim to safeguard their economies from US monetary policies and geopolitical risks by diversifying reserves, using local currencies for trade, and adopting alternative payment systems.


💡 How is BRICS Involved?

The BRICS nations—Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa—are at the forefront of dedollarisation. Their efforts include:

1️⃣ Trading in Local Currencies: For example, China and Brazil have started settling trade in Yuan and Real.
2️⃣ Alternative Payment Systems: Russia's SPFS and China’s CIPS offer substitutes to the US-dominated SWIFT.
3️⃣ BRICS Pay: A blockchain-based payment system enabling trade in local currencies.

These initiatives promote economic sovereignty and reduce reliance on the US dollar.

📰 Recent Development: Trump's Response

In November 2024, President-elect Donald Trump threatened 100% tariffs on BRICS nations if they pursued a new currency to challenge the US dollar's dominance. This reflects rising tensions as the US seeks to maintain the dollar’s global supremacy.

📊 Implications:

Geopolitical Tensions: Potential trade conflicts between the US and BRICS.

Shift in Global Finance: A move toward a multipolar currency system.

Economic Independence: Greater sovereignty for BRICS economies.


🌍 BRICS' dedollarisation efforts are reshaping the global financial landscape, but challenges from the US are intensifying.

Try to answer like a civil servant.

If they don't get the required number of centres, exam may postpone. It is just a possibility.

For more information, chat with our admin @uppcssuccessmind

Next Cyclones names would be:

1. Shakthi - named by srilanka

2. Months - named by Thailand

Now you will understand how river valleys are formed.....be persistent, you will clear this exam.

https://youtube.com/shorts/V1nuBAF0Bck?si=Y21s4xtOvfxdU7xF

Important Index and Report 2024

Global Innovation Index 2024

Published by: World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)

Top Rank: Switzerland

India Rank: 40th


Global Gender Gap Report 2024

Published by: World Economic Forum (WEF)

Top Rank: Iceland

India Rank: 127th


Human Development Index 2022

Published by: United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)

Top Rank: Switzerland

India Rank: 132nd


Environmental Performance Index 2024

Published by: Yale Center for Environmental Law & Policy

Top Rank: Denmark

India Rank: 180th


Global Competitiveness Index 2024

Published by: World Economic Forum (WEF)

Top Rank: Switzerland

India Rank: 40th


Global Peace Index 2023

Published by: Institute for Economics and Peace (IEP)

Top Rank: Iceland

India Rank: 126th


World Happiness Report 2024

Published by: United Nations Sustainable Development Solutions Network

Top Rank: Finland

India Rank: 126th


Ease of Doing Business Report 2024

Published by: World Bank

Top Rank: New Zealand

India Rank: 63rd


Corruption Perceptions Index 2024

Published by: Transparency International

Top Rank: Denmark

India Rank: 85th


Global Hunger Index 2024

Published by: Concern Worldwide and Welthungerhilfe

Top Rank: Belarus

India Rank: 107th

Get Ready

UPPCS Prelims - 22 December

Green Certified Zoological Park: The Durgesh Aranya Zoological Park in Bankhandi, Kangra district, Himachal Pradesh, is set to become India's first zoo to receive certification from the Indian Green Building Council (IGBC), marking a significant step towards sustainable wildlife conservation.

RO/ARO Notice

PCS Notice

Things not clear:

1. Is PCS Pre postponed?

Most probably it will be. It will be difficult for the government machinery to conduct the exam in December.

Takeaways from the Oral Decisions of UPPSC:

1. PCS Pre to be conducted in one shift.

2. Committee formed for RO/ARO Exam.

3. RO/ARO exam is postponed.

Few Channels who are showing live protest:

https://www.youtube.com/live/fLC4d_Sde8w?si=UgoRTEs1MyTWfmpZ

https://www.youtube.com/live/IL_cdzHhwZI?si=vtuQPy9aeKQQplHf

https://www.youtube.com/live/sxu8YvZJvOs?si=zs9SVf7EO6Sd_m6N

https://www.youtube.com/live/rYfsajsLuZc?si=wVaYYO08yh0b7sqQ

Update: DM Prayagraj asked the students to choose 20-25 representatives amongst themselves so that meetings can be held with representatives of the Commission.

However, Students denied the same asking for commission to come publicly.

https://www.youtube.com/live/nKmJPnn4RjE?si=8q8KiLyCow6dCjop

Dear students,

It will be a bad decision if the UPPCS conducts the exam in two shifts and normalises. Since one mark can change the fate of the student, it is not a wise decision to conduct the prelims exam in two shifts.

UPPCS must reconsider and conduct the exam in one shift only.

https://youtu.be/soJeBMi0_z0?si=oIjBxZlrSqu65muA

7th and 8th December.....it's official!!!!

Important for prelims
Highest phone pe

🧪 Remembering Dr. Homi Jehangir Bhabha on His Birth Anniversary 🧪

Born: October 30, 1909, Mumbai, India 🇮🇳

Known as: "Father of Indian Nuclear Program" ⚛️


🔹 Education:

Studied at Elphinstone College and Royal Institute of Science, Mumbai

Ph.D. in Physics from the University of Cambridge, UK 🏛️


🔹 Major Contributions:

Developed the Bhabha Scattering Theory in quantum physics

Pioneered the Indian Nuclear Program with a focus on peaceful applications of nuclear energy

Founded the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR) in 1945 and the Atomic Energy Establishment, Trombay (now BARC) in 1954

Played a crucial role in establishing India's three-stage nuclear power program


🔹 Awards & Honors:

Padma Bhushan (1954) for contributions to science in India

Fellowship of the Royal Society (FRS) for his achievements in nuclear science

Recipient of the prestigious Adams Prize for his work on cosmic rays 🌌


🔹 Legacy:

Left a lasting impact on India's scientific research and nuclear capabilities

Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC) named in his honor

Inspired generations of scientists and continues to be celebrated as a visionary in Indian science


Let us remember Dr. Bhabha’s contributions to India and his vision for scientific advancement today and always. 🌍🔬

The Right to Privacy in India is safeguarded under Article 21 of the Constitution, which ensures the "Right to Life and Personal Liberty." The Supreme Court of India, in the landmark Puttaswamy v. Union of India case (2017), recognized the right to privacy as a fundamental right inherent in Article 21. This right protects individuals from unwarranted interference by the state and others in their personal matters, covering areas like personal data, bodily autonomy, and freedom of expression.

Justice Sanjiv Khanna appointed as 51st CJI, to take oath on November 11

Static Fact

Formation: Established in 2006 as BRIC (Brazil, Russia, India, China), expanded to BRICS in 2010 with South Africa joining.

Member Countries (2024):

1. Brazil

2. Russia

3. India

4. China

5. South Africa

6. New Members (2024):

Egypt

Ethiopia

Iran

Saudi Arabia

United Arab Emirates

New Development Bank (NDB):

Founded: 2015

Headquarters: Shanghai, China

Purpose: To fund infrastructure and sustainable development projects in BRICS nations and other emerging economies.

Goal: Serve as an alternative to institutions like the IMF and World Bank.

Mains current affairs
Gs paper 2
(International institutions)

Key Highlights of BRICS Summit 2024

Location and Date: Kazan, Russia | October 24, 2024

At the 2024 BRICS Summit in Kazan, Russia, BRICS expanded its membership, welcoming five new countries: Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates

1. Financial Initiatives

A. New Payment System: BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) are working on creating a new payment system to reduce their dependence on the U.S. dollar. This would make trading between these countries easier and faster.

B. BRICS Digital Currency: They are also discussing launching a digital currency specifically for BRICS countries to avoid using Western-controlled financial systems.

C. Alternative to the IMF: The group wants to find other ways to get financial help, instead of relying on Western institutions like the International Monetary Fund (IMF).

2. Political and Economic Goals

A. Less Western Influence: BRICS countries are seeking more independence from Western powers, such as the U.S. and Europe, aiming to create a system where countries can cooperate equally.

B. Russia’s View: Russia highlighted that the time of Western dominance is fading, and BRICS is focusing on cooperation that benefits all its members.

3. India’s Role

A. Modi’s Support: Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi supported the idea of strengthening trade between BRICS nations by using local currencies, making financial transactions easier.

B. Improved Relations with China: Modi and Chinese President Xi Jinping met during the summit, where they agreed to reduce tensions along their shared border and work towards maintaining peace.

4. India-China Relations

A. Border Peace: Both India and China agreed to move troops back to avoid conflicts along their disputed border, marking a positive step towards peace.

B. Impact on Global Politics: This agreement is important because India is also part of another group (QUAD) that works closely with the U.S. to counter China’s influence. Balancing these relationships will be key for India.

5. Global Reactions

A. U.S. Response: The U.S. is not worried about BRICS becoming a rival. Officials say BRICS is not a threat to them.

B. China’s View on India: Chinese experts believe India is trying to improve ties with China because the U.S. hasn’t fully supported India’s push to boost its manufacturing industry.

Overall Impact

Balancing Western Power: The BRICS summit highlighted the group’s efforts to create a world system that is less dominated by Western countries, giving more power to emerging nations.

Growing Cooperation: Stronger cooperation among BRICS nations, especially between India and China, could have a big impact on global politics and economics in the future.

Gs 1 mains ( Current Affairs of static topic)

Social Empowerment, Communalism, Regionalism, and Secularism :

1. Social Empowerment

Recent Example (2020-2024):

The Women’s Reservation Bill 2023: Passed in 2023, this historic bill reserves 33% of seats in Lok Sabha and state assemblies for women. It aims to increase women’s representation in politics, which is a significant step toward gender empowerment.


Challenges:

Gender Inequality: Despite legal reforms, cultural barriers and societal norms still hinder the full participation of women in public and economic spheres.

Education Disparity: In rural areas, there is still a gender gap in access to education, especially among marginalized communities.


Solutions:

Skill Development: Programs like Skill India and Stand Up India should be further expanded to provide vocational training to women, especially from disadvantaged backgrounds.

Political Empowerment: Encouraging more women’s participation in political leadership, and implementing affirmative action for women's representation at all levels of government can help reduce gender inequality.


2. Communalism

Recent Example (2020-2024):

Delhi Riots of 2020: Communal violence broke out in northeast Delhi, leading to over 50 deaths. The riots were seen as a result of polarization surrounding the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA).

Karnataka Hijab Row (2022): The controversy over banning the hijab in Karnataka schools highlighted religious tensions and sparked protests across India.


Challenges:

Political Polarization: Communalism is often fueled by political leaders exploiting religious differences for electoral gains, which deepens societal divides.

Religious Misinformation: The spread of fake news through social media has amplified communal tensions, leading to increased distrust between communities.


Solutions:

Interfaith Dialogue: Promoting dialogues between religious communities and leaders can foster mutual understanding and cooperation.

Strict Legal Action: Stronger laws against hate speech and communal violence, combined with rapid judicial responses, can deter communal incidents.


3. Regionalism

Recent Example (2020-2024):

Farmers' Protest (2020-2021): While primarily about agricultural laws, the protests saw strong regionalism from Punjab and Haryana farmers, asserting their regional agricultural interests.

Maratha Reservation (2020): The push for Maratha reservations in education and jobs in Maharashtra highlighted the demand for affirmative action based on regional identity.


Challenges:

Economic Disparities: Many regions feel neglected in terms of development and resource allocation, which exacerbates regionalist sentiments.

Separatist Tendencies: Movements like those in Jammu & Kashmir, or the demand for Gorkhaland, continue to challenge India's unity.


Solutions:

Balanced Regional Development: Policies like Aspirational Districts Programme focus on the development of backward regions, reducing regional disparities.

Strengthening Cooperative Federalism: Encouraging greater cooperation between the center and states through initiatives like the NITI Aayog can address regional grievances.

4. Secularism

Recent Example (2020-2024):

The Gyanvapi Mosque Controversy (2021-2022): Religious tensions flared up due to a legal dispute over the Gyanvapi Mosque in Varanasi, raising concerns about the delicate balance of secularism in India.

UCC (Uniform Civil Code) Debate (2023): The UCC has been discussed as a secular solution to replace personal religious laws, aiming to ensure uniformity in laws regardless of religion.


Challenges:

Religious Polarization: Growing religious nationalism and identity-based politics have strained India's secular fabric.

State Interference in Religion: Political use of religious issues for vote bank politics often compromises secular principles.


Solutions:

Judicial Safeguards: The judiciary must continue to protect the secular nature of India’s Constitution, as seen in cases like S.R. Bommai v. Union of India.

Civic Education: Promoting the values of secularism through education can help prevent religious discrimination and promote harmony among different communities.

Trade and educational exchanges should be prioritized. Addressing visa issues will restore trust and enhance economic cooperation.



5. Leveraging Multilateral Platforms:

India and Canada can use forums like the G-20 and Commonwealth to address broader issues such as climate change and global security, helping shift focus from bilateral tensions.

Conclusion

India and Canada share a long-standing relationship based on democratic values and people-to-people ties. While the current diplomatic fallout over the Khalistan issue has strained relations, both countries have substantial reasons to collaborate, especially in trade, education, and counterterrorism. Through continued dialogue and respect for each other’s concerns, India and Canada can rebuild trust and strengthen their strategic partnership.

Mains current affairs:

Gs paper 2 - International Relations

India-Canada Relations

Introduction:

India-Canada relations have been strained since mid-2023 due to allegations made by Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau regarding Indian government agents' involvement in the assassination of Hardeep Singh Nijjar, a Canadian Sikh separatist leader advocating for Khalistan. This led to both nations expelling diplomats and India suspending visa services for Canadians. The tensions reflect deeper issues tied to Canada's handling of Sikh separatism and allegations of interference by Indian agents.

Despite a partial restoration of visa services, relations remain fragile, with both sides adopting firm stances. The ongoing diplomatic row is considered one of the most serious crises between the two nations in recent years.

Areas of Cooperation

1. Economic and Trade Relations:

Bilateral trade between India and Canada is approximately $6 billion annually. India exports textiles, gems, and pharmaceuticals, while Canada exports energy products, fertilizers, and lentils to India.

Ongoing discussions on the Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) aim to boost trade, though recent tensions have delayed progress.



2. Nuclear Cooperation:

The Nuclear Cooperation Agreement (NCA), signed in 2010, marked a milestone in rebuilding trust after Canada cut nuclear ties following India’s 1974 nuclear tests. Canada supplies uranium for India’s nuclear energy program.



3. Education:

Canada hosts the largest number of Indian students, accounting for nearly 40% of all international students in Canada, significantly boosting its economy and fostering deep educational ties.



4. People-to-People Ties:

Over 1.6 million Canadians are of Indian origin, making them one of the largest diaspora communities in Canada. Cultural and familial ties between the two nations are strong.



5. Science and Technology:

Joint programs, like the IC-IMPACTS program, focus on industrial R&D in healthcare, agriculture, and waste management. The two countries also collaborate on cold climate research.



6. Space Cooperation:

India and Canada have collaborated on satellite technology, with ISRO launching Canadian satellites. This cooperation demonstrates mutual interest in advancing space exploration and satellite communications.


Areas of Conflict

1. Khalistan Movement:

A significant source of tension is the Khalistan separatist movement. Canada's Sikh population, some of whom support the creation of an independent Sikh state, Khalistan, in India’s Punjab region, is seen as a national security threat by India.



2. Diplomatic Disputes:

The diplomatic fallout over the allegations surrounding Hardeep Singh Nijjar's assassination in Canada has led to reciprocal expulsions of diplomats and strained bilateral trust.



3. Visa and Mobility Restrictions:

India suspended visa services for Canadians, impacting the movement of people between the two countries, especially students, business travelers, and the Indian diaspora.



4. Delayed Trade Agreements:

The diplomatic standoff has delayed trade negotiations under the Early Progress Trade Agreement (EPTA), hampering potential economic collaboration.


Way Forward

1. Engaging in Dialogue:

Continued diplomatic dialogue at all levels is essential for de-escalation. Quiet diplomacy, as demonstrated by the partial restoration of visa services, must be pursued more vigorously.



2. Counterterrorism Cooperation:

Strengthening cooperation on counterterrorism is critical. Both countries have established frameworks like the Joint Working Group (JWG) on Counter-Terrorism, which can be expanded further.



3. Balancing Domestic Politics with International Relations:

Both nations need to handle their domestic pressures—Canada's handling of the Sikh diaspora’s demands and India’s concerns about separatism—sensitively to avoid derailing long-term diplomatic goals.



4. Resuming Trade and Educational Ties:

📰 Understanding the Assam Accord and Section 6A

🔹 Assam Accord (1985): A historic agreement between the Indian government and Assam's leaders to address the issue of illegal immigration from Bangladesh. It set March 25, 1971 as the cut-off date for granting Indian citizenship to immigrants who entered Assam, marking the end of the Bangladesh Liberation War.

🔹 Section 6A of the Citizenship Act: Enacted to implement the Assam Accord, this section grants citizenship to immigrants who entered Assam before January 1, 1966. Those who arrived between January 1, 1966, and March 25, 1971, can apply for citizenship after fulfilling certain conditions. However, those arriving after March 25, 1971, are considered illegal immigrants and are not eligible for citizenship. The law mandates their detection and deportation.

🔍 Supreme Court Ruling: Recently, the Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of Section 6A, emphasizing the principle of fraternity while dismissing concerns about Assamese cultural and linguistic identity being threatened.

#AssamAccord #Section6A #CitizenshipAct #Immigration #SupremeCourt #India

The Right Approach

🚨🚨 UPPSC PRELIMS 2024 POSTPONED!!🚨🚨

List of all 2024 Nobel Prize winners

Physiology or Medicine:

Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun

Discovery of microRNA and its role in gene regulation.



Physics:

John J. Hopfield and Geoffrey E. Hinton

Foundational work on machine learning, particularly artificial neural networks.



Chemistry:

David Baker, Demis Hassabis, and John M. Jumper

Pioneering research in protein design and structure prediction.



Literature:

Han Kang

Poetic prose addressing historical trauma and human fragility.



Peace:

Nihon Hidankyo

Advocacy for nuclear disarmament and raising awareness on the consequences of nuclear weapons.



Economic Sciences:

Daron Acemoglu, Simon Johnson, and James Robinson

Research on the impact of institutions on the prosperity and development of nations.