MSc Physics

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Single Crystal XRD Working in 6 Points
Single crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) is a powerful technique used to determine the atomic structure of a crystal. By analyzing the diffraction patterns produced when X-rays interact with the crystal lattice, scientists can obtain valuable information about the arrangement of atoms and molecules within the material.
Here's a breakdown of how single crystal XRD works in six key points:
1. X-ray Generation:
* X-rays are produced using a specialized X-ray tube. Electrons are accelerated towards a target material, causing the emission of X-rays.
2. Crystal Preparation:
* A suitable crystal is carefully prepared and mounted on a goniometer head. The crystal must be of sufficient size and quality to produce clear diffraction patterns.
3. X-ray Irradiation:
* A collimated beam of X-rays is directed towards the crystal. The X-rays interact with the electrons in the crystal lattice.
4. Diffraction:
* When the X-rays encounter the periodic arrangement of atoms in the crystal, they undergo constructive and destructive interference. This results in the formation of diffraction patterns.
5. Pattern Detection:
* The diffracted X-rays are detected by a detector, such as a CCD camera or a scintillation counter. The detector records the intensity of the diffracted X-rays at different angles.
6. Data Analysis:
* The collected diffraction data is analyzed using specialized software. The software calculates the positions and intensities of the diffraction peaks. These data are then used to determine the crystal structure, including the unit cell parameters and the atomic coordinates.
Key Advantages of Single Crystal XRD:
* High resolution and accuracy in determining atomic positions.
* Ability to distinguish between different crystal phases and polymorphs.
* Can be used to study the effects of temperature, pressure, and other factors on crystal structure.
Applications of Single Crystal XRD:
* Materials Science: Determining the structure of new materials and understanding their properties.
* Chemistry: Determining the structure of molecules and studying chemical reactions.
* Biology: Determining the structure of proteins, DNA, and other biological molecules.
* Mineralogy: Identifying minerals and studying their crystal structures.
By following these six steps, scientists can extract valuable information about the atomic structure of crystals, leading to advancements in various fields of research.
Would you like to know more about a specific aspect of single crystal XRD, such as data analysis or crystal preparation?

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Mahatma Gandhi University
Applications are invited from eligible candidates for the Ph.D Entrance Examination 2024 for determining eligibility for admission to Full-time/Part-time research leading to Ph.D Degree.

Entrance-Notification-2024_240913_145853.pdf

Those who wish to do M. Sc. Project work @NIIST, please note: Applications for PG Project admission up to January 2025 will be accepted until November 15,2024. The portal will be re-opened during second week of January 2025 for admissions to April 2025 Session

Apply here:
http://projectapp.niist.res.in/psp/

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Department of Physics, Central University of Jharkhand is recently received prestigious DST-FIST grant of about Rs. 1 cror. We have procured ANSYS software for Photonic simulations and willing to do some advance research in nano photonics. This is being posted here for the favor of wide circulation among good students who are interested to pursue research carrier and willing to register for Ph D. The relevant link to see the updates on Ph D admission is https://www.cuj.ac.in/PHD-2024.PHP

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