Shabbir’s Geography & Environment 4 IAS

Explore Atmospheric Stability & Instability: Learn key factors, mechanisms, and weather impacts. Essential for UPSC Geography and climatology insights.
 
✨ Don’t miss out on Shabbir Sir’s insightful class notes for a deeper understanding.

📥 Read the blog and download the notes here: https://edukemy.com/blog/unlock-the-secrets-of-atmospheric-stability-instability/

Explore Ravenstein’s the Laws of Migration, their relevance today, and key factors driving migration like globalization, climate change, and political instability.
 
✨ Don’t miss out on Shabbir Sir’s insightful class notes for a deeper understanding.

📥 Read the blog and download the class notes here: https://edukemy.com/blog/the-laws-of-migration-powerful-lessons-for-today/

Dive into India’s population growth journey! Explore its patterns, regional variations, migration trends, and the impact on resources, economy, environment, and development.
 
✨ Don’t miss out on Shabbir Sir’s insightful class notes for a deeper understanding.

📥 Read the blog and download the class notes here: https://edukemy.com/blog/population-growth-and-its-patterns-in-india/
 

📣📣📣📣🎤🎤🎤📢📢📢📣📣📣. This is an announcement for PSP-2025 enrolled students. 👇👇.


Hi all.

This is an important announcement.

Tmrw, at 3:00 pm session
1. We will start with history.
2. Planned- pyq analysis and marathon tests.

Along with this, please bring

1. All ur tests and omr sheets, ur test analysis sheets of geography- marathon, practice and sectional tests c
2. Bring ur copies of the question papers also. The one that has ur markings of confident, smart and blind guesses.

In all, we had 8 marathon test sessions, 2 practice tests and 2 sectional tests. Thats 550 questions for geography.
Bring all ur question papers and ur old attempted OMR sheets. We will enter those on the test portals.

🌍✨ *Ready to SCORE BIG in Geography Optional?* ✨🌍

📅 Join the *Master Mentor, Shabbir Sir in 30 Minutes* , for an Exclusive *Online Workshop!* 🎓

🗣 With 25+ years of experience in creating Geography toppers, Shabbir Sir has been the secret behind countless aspirants achieving maximum marks year after year.

🔹 Why should you attend?
Learn from the best in the field with proven strategies to excel.
Gain insider tips and techniques that make all the difference.
Get personal guidance from a mentor who knows the ropes.

💻 Online Mode ONLY: Join from anywhere and learn from the comfort of your home!
🔗YT Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ckweJvPv58U
🔗 Click here to register: https://edukemy.com/events/score-big-in-geography-optional-a-workshop-by-the-master-mentor

This is a good quote on why ‘technocentric’ approach cannot solve all our current environmental problems.

https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/cop29-again-a-cop-out-on-responsibility

Gm
Gals and Boyz.

At 9:00 am today I will be live on YT with reading on Indian climate from ncert class XI text book- India Physical Env.
I will cover entire monsoons, seasons, rainfall patterns.

Join me in another 20 min.

It will be good revision for all of u.

https://www.youtube.com/live/FU96H4CrMTc?si=kewoE_HxnDSwFE8c

Look at this.

For the benefit of all, these are the must read chapters from ncerts for GS Geography revision.

The sectional test-1 for GS Geog coming Saturday is for physical geography of India and world. So pl focus on chapters of physical geography of world, class XI and India physical geog and env, class XI.

Human geography, u may revise for next week.

https://t.me/Edukemy4IAS/12744

Gm all.
Gals and Boyz.

Today at 1:30 pm I will discuss minerals, their location and distribution.

Along with key provisions of mineral act of India.

Join me live at 1:30 pm.

https://www.youtube.com/live/udDWTcHlLBs?si=BkweJSJ_9Zqe-6WB

👆👆Our Current Affairs compilation for Polity for Oct.

Crisp. To-the-point.

U will not need to run around for CA.

https://t.me/Edukemy4IAS/12506

Week 1 day 2
Telegram for prelims is on.

Geography week.
Soils today.

https://t.me/Edukemy4IAS/12392

Join through the link👆👆 and solve soils pyq.

At 2:00 pm we will share the answers and support revision content.

Good luck all. 😊👍👍

https://youtu.be/PbVkdljbZDE?si=f-J7FP8hfJQ38ja1

https://t.me/Edukemy4IAS/12354

https://t.me/Edukemy4IAS/12346

Gm all
Gals and Boyz.

Somebody told Bhola Lal that PYQs are very important. So Bhola Lal started solving papers. He solved papers of last 15 years. He finished solving the papers in a month, attempting every alternate day. Last year when he attempted prelims 2024, interestingly, he got 7 questions, which were almost repeat questions of pyq wrong!!

So what was Bhola Lal’s miss?
1. He solved the questions mindlessly. Didn’t learn from the questions.
2. He failed to identify trends through PYQs.
3. He didn’t analyse which themes/topics were his strength or weaknesses.

Essentially, he didn’t put efforts to understand the PYQs.

It’s like somebody says working hard it’s important and then u start working hard on random topics, get tired everyday and u are exhausted without putting ur efforts to good use.

Don’t be Bhola Lal. Be wise. Be smart. Be a thinking aspirant.
Jaago Aspirants, Jaago!!

Last 3 years, I have been deeply involved in unravelling the Prelims mystery for aspirants. It’s almost like a mission. What I realised is lot of deserving students don’t make it because of prelims trap. Worse, many don’t even come close to prelims cut-off.

One of the biggest gaps in ur prelims readiness is your inability to ‘understand and appreciate’ PYQs.

So starting tmrw, I am thinking of starting 10-15 PYQs daily.

Participate in this.
This will be Edukemy’s Telegram for Prelims [ETP].

https://t.me/Edukemy4IAS/12340

Gm.
Gals and Boyz .

Continuing with my weekly post on CA.

This is economy roundup for October.

Don’t just read it. Sit down with the document. Study it and make ur notes.

Notes and jottings are very important. If u don’t write and take notes, nothing will stick.

One short cut could be, take a printout of the pages and make jottings and summaries right in the margins.

The cue is ‘study’ CA. Don’t merely ‘read’ CA.

Study involves
1. Reading
2. Noting
3. Relating with other issues
4. Thinking.
5. Memorising
6. Recalling.
7. Turning through GS syllabus and pyq and seeing the relevance of the topics covered.

Study CA.
Study CA
Study CA

Delve into the topics and issues. Make it an immersive exercise. U will then enjoy CA.

Happy reading for the weekend.

My wishes.

https://t.me/Edukemy4IAS/12338

https://t.me/Edukemy4IAS/12333

Our latest upload on Polity PYQs. We have taken up Judiciary questions.

Suggestion:
1. See and make some notes from these videos.
2. Go to our mcq platform and solve the PYQ mcqs for free. You can solve year-wise or even subject-wise.
3. Download our reference notes and material for revision and memorisation.

****##📣📣📣. Enrol in our Prelims Support Program (PSP) starting Dec 9th. The most comprehensive program u will ever need for qualifying prelims. It’s NOT a test series. It’s a total support program with revision sessions, CSAT, questions Practice, Current Affairs and Personal mentoring. We will stand and work with u for good 5 months- hand hold ur journey and see u through prelims.

https://t.me/Edukemy4IAS/12330

This is an old video where I am teaching Arctic dipole.
It has been in news since sometime.
Can be important for GS and also optional.

https://youtu.be/HfK29QLM5aw?si=uTKgZzuh0b5nMPxV

Hi gm.
Gals and Boyz.
Quite a few queries about types of biodiversities- alpha, beta and gamma. Let me explain.

Say there are 3 ecosystems. A, B and C. As above.

1. Alpha BD is for each ecosystem. Just count the number of species in each ecosystem. So A Ecosystem has 3 varieties, B has 3 and C has 2.

2. Beta BD is comparison between 2 ecosystem and the unique ones between them. So, Beta between A and B is 2 (between A and B, black fish is unique to only A and orange fish is unique to only B).

3. Gamma is the total species diversity in an habitat. A habitat is a larger unit. It can have many ecosystems. In the example above, the habitat has 3 ecosystems-A, B and C. Gamma BD is total species variety taking all ecosystems together. In the above example it’s 5 - red, black, green, orange and striped.

Dear Gals and Boyz.

COP29 is in Baku is on. It will conclude on 22nd Nov.
you must know some basics around this summit before understand the agreements concluded in the summit.

Here is a brief.
Pl make some notes. Jot down the facts and details.

https://t.me/Edukemy4IAS/12324

Go sequential. According to numbering

1. https://youtu.be/mN9lhaxzRsY

2. https://youtu.be/wb9EO6i4rEE

3. https://youtu.be/ztqYhynY7vw

4. https://youtu.be/01-IPndd-Dw

Start with these videos.

How to become India Maps Guru!!

Hi all.
Gals and Boyz.

I had uploaded my India maps videos on YT.

This is almost a comprehensive playlist for India maps. Paper 2. Geography optional.

Sit with India map outline sheet, pencil, transparent scale and Atlas.

Follow the instructions one by one.

U will emerge total pro on India maps. 😊😊

You will not need anything beyond this.

https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLcC66kA-7TrJUxTQiSJx6izZ-Mo6JsRuZ&si=b2hWwafrj1iJdw7q

https://t.me/Edukemy4IAS/12310

Your Sc and Tech Compilation for Sept-Oct.
It’s a list of very exciting and interesting developments in Space, Biotech&Medicine, IT&AI, Defence and developments in the digital space.

I share these compilations every week on Fridays.

And the objective is to cover CA thematically. One subject at a time, once a week.

Hope this strategy of CA works for u. Write back if u have queries or suggestions.

Happy CA studying. 😊😊

https://t.me/Edukemy4IAS/12307

Got late in sharing Env CA compilations for the week. Check this out. Download, make ur notes and study.

https://t.me/Edukemy4IAS/12286


From our main channel.

#environment #riverpollution #casestudy

Summarise this.
The data of the table is particularly important. Crazy figures. Notice the coliform (bacterial) permissible limits. Fecal coliform is bacterial contamination from human excreta.

A water pollution based questions are a definite. Use this.

Case studies are typically to be written as examples. In about 30-40 words. No complete sentence. Just points. Use tables and data with specifics like name of place, map if possible.

I will be teaching factors affecting distribution of plants and animals.

This is a relevant writeup. Fairly detailed in terms of behavioural and biological factors that determine life forms distribution.

#biogeography #geography

https://edukemy.com/blog/plants-and-animals-that-exist-in-a-particular-ecosystem-are-those-that-have-been-successful-in-adjusting-to-their-habitat-and-environmental-conditions-elucidate-with-examples-upsc-geography-optional-m/

https://t.me/Edukemy4IAS/12280

This is a short video on urban heat island.
On the lines I discussed in class today.

Watch it and make ur notes too.

https://youtu.be/7KZ0h7wlPt0?si=KVkUml-LUtMLdou5

This geography optional pyq bank compiled thematically.

Hope this helps.

CA compilations for Economy.
Aug-sept 2024.

Our thematic compilations continue.
U can rely on us for this.

Make sure u are jotting and making notes. DONT MERELY READ.

https://t.me/Edukemy4IAS/12266

https://www.youtube.com/live/KFOsdBHlonM?si=lZMeA2FmSLWRHHuk

Live now

Live now:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8Z4VVIqfz3M

Salvaged these few pages on plastic pollution from my old class notes.

Check this out.
Seems pretty comprehensive. Should help u all.

Hi all.
Gals and Boyz.

This is the shortest video u can learn about climatic regions from.

Don’t just view it.
Sit with a paper and pen. Quick sketch the diagrams and take down the notes.

All that confused u about climatic regions will be taken care of.

Write back if u have doubts.

https://youtu.be/2EAuxCHEDic?si=pnWxa2U0KTRfF9VD

All about essays writing.

1. The challenge of writing https://t.me/EssayswithEDUKEMY/732

2. Myths about essays https://t.me/EssayswithEDUKEMY/733

3. Essays master class. Learn the format.
https://t.me/EssayswithEDUKEMY/735

4. Essays pyq Topic-1

https://t.me/EssayswithEDUKEMY/736

5. Essays pyq topic-2
https://t.me/EssayswithEDUKEMY/737

6. Essays pyq topic-3
https://t.me/EssayswithEDUKEMY/740

7. Essays pyq compilation.

https://t.me/EssayswithEDUKEMY/738

Happy essaying!!! 😊😊😊

My wishes.

Check out this post on essays on my essays channel. 👇👇

These detailed analysis of articles, don’t just read.
Make notes. Jottings and file these with the relevant pages in ur notes.

I will ensure these are comprehensive so that u don’t have to run around looking for more.

At the 15th Conference of Parties (COP15) to the UN Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) that adopted the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (KMGBF) intends to make
“real progress to halt biodiversity loss and protect and restore lands and seas in a way that safeguards the planet and respects the rights of indigenous peoples and local communities.

The 8 Rs principle:

The 8 ethical principles to address indigenous concerns are
1 Reverence-reorient attitudes towards better relationships with human, other-than-human, and Mother Earth
2 Respect-stop excessive extraction of and acknowledge Indigenous traditions
3 Responsibility-in use of traditional benefits, and in harm that were being caused due to it.
4 Relevance- by establishing indigenous-led intellectual foundations to make indigenous knowledge ‘relevant’ to science and its study
5 Regulation-Indigenous people should give their free, prior and informed consent on the use of their medicines and practices. Benefits from any use must be shared with such communities.
6 Reparation-in the form of promotion and safeguarding of indigenous self-determination.
7 Restoration
8 Reconciliation.


These were categorised within four overarching categories:
• Acknowledgement     
• Knowledge-Translation and Education         
• Intellectual Property  
• Belonging

Imp concept:
To restore ‘kincentric’ approaches (treating all relationships, including medicines, as kin) of indigenous medicine systems from anthropocentric approaches (human-centric).


If u like this, pl share and invite ur friends to this telegram channel. 😊😊😊.

#biodiversity #ecology #environment

Hi gm all
Gals and Boyz.

My Sunday posting for today is a very important development coming up in next few days.

Did u know…?

Whenever we talk about COPs, we tend to remember COPs under UNFCCC. (We have concluded COP28 and moving into COP29. COP 29 will be very important around climate change finance.)

But there are other COPs too. Under CBD, UNCCD etc. COP are conferences where leaders debate has decide and formalise how to meet the goals under the treaties.

Today I am posting on an important upcoming COP.
COP16 of CBD. Here are my notes👇👇👇.

(Taken from Down To Earth article) DTE at COP16: Year’s big biodiversity meet set to begin in Cali, Colombia by Vibha Varshney

Event:
The 16th Conference of Parties (COP16) to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) in Cali, Colombia.
(starting on October 21)

Significance:
1st COP meeting since the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (KMGBF) was adopted in 2022. (The Framework has
1 23 Targets that need to be met by 2030 and
2 4 overarching goals to be met by 2050)

Major issue on agenda:

A.
Sharing benefits earned from the use of digital sequence information (DSI) on genetic resources. Target 13 of the KMGBF aims to increase the sharing of benefits from genetic resources, digital sequence information and traditional knowledge. To meet this target, countries would need to put in place legal, policy, administrative and capacity-building measures. 

Issue:
We Benefit-sharing from the Use of DSI on Genetic Resources there is no agreed plan for
1 operationalising a multilateral mechanism
2 and a global fund 

Why disagreement?
Clear difference in what developed and developing countries want. While developed countries want unrestricted access to the genetic material in return of voluntary contribution to the global fund, their developing counterparts want a system more in sync with the 3 principles of the CBD.

3 CBD obj :
1 Biodiversity conservation;
2 sustainable use of biodiversity;
3 fair & equitable sharing of the benefits of utilization of genetic diversity.

B.
The Parties would also assess the progress made in all the targets. Unfortunately, not much has been achieved in the nearly two years that have passed since the adoption.

1. For example, only 100 parties have submitted national targets and 30 updated National Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plans. Without these, it is not very clear what Parties plan to do to meet the targets.
2. In case of Target 3, popularly known as the 30x30 target, the world is still far from meeting it. The area-based conservation target prescribes that at least 30 per cent of land, inland and coastal waters, and marine resources are conserved by 2030. With just 17.5 per cent of land and 8.4 per cent of oceans protected, the world not new meeting it.
3. In case of Target 19, yet another ambitious target under which the developed countries are supposed to provide at least $20 billion each year by 2025. this has not happened on the ground. The ‘20 billion Tracker’ launched by a group of non-profits shows that by September 2024, publicly announced international biodiversity finance commitments amounted to about $8.2 billion, which represent 41 per cent of the 20 billion target These announcements were made between 2021 and 2025.


📣📣Imp addendum:

Frameworks that mention indigenous rights to the use and development of their traditional medicines and related practices. are in
1 Article 8 (j), Article 16 and Annex 1 of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)
2 Articles 7 and 12 of the CBD’s Nagoya protocol on Access and benefit-sharing (ABS).

However, countries like the US that researches on using traditional indigenous knowledge and medicines are not signatories to the CBD and therefore also not party to the Nagoya protocol on ABS.

The apex organisation in tropical cyclones prediction and management is WMO which is a special arm of ESCAP- economic and social commision for Asia-Pacific.

There is a network of cyclone monitoring centres.
There are 6 RSMC- regional specialised meteorological centres.
And 6 TCWC- tropical cyclone warning centres.

The 6 RSMC are
IMD-Delhi.
Miami
Tokyo
Nadi(Fiji)
Reunion Island
Honolulu.

The 6 TCWC (these are for SW Pacific and SE Indian Ocean.
Jakarta
Wellington
Melbourne-Brisbane
Perth
Darwin.

Under IMD- Delhi there are 13 countries for tropical cyclones are tracked and monitored.
1. S Arabia
2. Yemen
3. UAE
4. Qatar
5. Oman
6. Iran
7. India
8. Pakistani
9. Bangladeshi
10. Srilanka
11. Maldives
12. Myanmar
13. Thailand

#environment #photochemicalsmog

👆👆👆My 3 slider Photochemical Smog

https://t.me/Edukemy4IAS/12236

These are some videos I had recorded sometime back on the not so common topics of geomorphology.

I will suggest u should check up the playlist on YouTube.

U will come across a decent range of videos on climatology too.

https://youtu.be/odNUW7ltVFg?si=dQbImR0Ds34e0skg

https://youtu.be/Jf6GAxuqrc0?si=2k_3sWbDX76nDhwe

👆👆
This is Env CA compilation for Aug-Sept 2024.

It’s posted on the main channel.

https://t.me/Edukemy4IAS/12234

#geography #tropicalcyclones

Structure of a tropical cyclone.
1. Eye- 30-50 km diameter. Warm. Light sinking air. Bright sky and light winds.
2. Eye wall - 10-15 km width. Heaviest rains. Lowest pressure. Fastest winds.
3. Inner cyclone.
4. Annular bands of rains.
5. Outer and peripheral cyclone.

https://youtu.be/e9JWOwQyuMc?si=7jJyLAa7ZOepcukE

Sachin, u are referring to these lines.