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Chemistry Notes 11th 12th

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Chemistry Notes 11th 12th (English)

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Chemistry Notes 11th 12th

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19 Jan, 16:36

╔═════════════╗
🌎 PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY 🌎
╚═════════════╝

➵⦿ MOLE CONCEPT

➵⦿ ATOMIC STRUCTURE

➵⦿ STATES OF MATTER

➵⦿ THERMODYNAMIC

➵⦿ EQUILIBRIUM

➵⦿ REDOX REACTIONS

➵⦿ SOLID STATE

➵⦿ SOLUTIONS

➵⦿ ELECTROCHEMISTRY

➵⦿ CHEMICAL KINETICS

➵⦿ SURFACE CHEMISTRY

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28 Dec, 15:13

➡️Haloalkane & Haloarene
Short Notes🌸
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Chemistry Notes 11th 12th

27 Dec, 11:50

➡️Ionic Equilibrium Short Notes

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20 Dec, 16:12

CHEMISTRY FOR NEET

Topic-wise distribution and percentage in 2024:

Must Do Topics For NEET ( Past 15 Years Analysis ) 🌻❤️

 Physical Chemistry:
Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry - ~1-2%
Structure of Atom - ~2-3%
Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties - ~2-3%
Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure - ~3-4%
States of Matter: Gases and Liquids - ~2-3%
Thermodynamics - ~3-4%
Equilibrium - ~3-4%
Redox Reactions - ~2-3%
Electrochemistry - ~2-3%
Chemical Kinetics - ~2-3%
Surface Chemistry - ~1-2%
Inorganic Chemistry:
Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties - ~2-3%
General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements - ~3-4%
Hydrogen - ~1-2%
s-Block Element (Alkali and Alkaline earth metals) - ~3-4%
Some p-Block Elements - ~3-4%
Organic Chemistry - Some Basic Principles and Techniques - ~2-3%
Coordination Compounds - ~2-3%
Environmental Chemistry - ~1-2%
Organic Chemistry:
Purification and Characterization of Organic Compounds - ~1-2%
Some Basic Principles of Organic Chemistry - ~3-4%
Hydrocarbons - ~3-4%
Environmental Chemistry - ~1-2%
Organic Compounds Containing Oxygen - ~3-4%
Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen - ~3-4%
Polymers - ~2-3%
Biomolecules - ~3-4% ❤️

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17 Dec, 08:28

Very important name reactions for chemistry..

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Chemistry Notes 11th 12th

22 Nov, 17:44

⌨️⌨️⌨️⌨️⌨️⌨️⌨️⌨️chemical eqm
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20 Nov, 17:58

Surface Chemistry
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Chemistry Notes 11th 12th

19 Nov, 08:43

⌨️⌨️⌨️⌨️⌨️⌨️⌨️⌨️
⌨️⌨️⌨️⌨️⌨️
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🔴🔴🔴 Denoted Exception
🟢🟢🟢Denoted important points


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Chemistry Notes 11th 12th

18 Nov, 19:44

✍️Notes on Environmental Chemistry:

🔹Components of Environment:

➖Atmosphere: This comprises a blanket of gaseous layer around earth.

➖Hydrosphere: This comprises about 96% of earth’s surface & includes all sources of water like oceans rivers lakes, glaciers, ground water etc.

➖Lithosphere: It refers to earth’s solid crust containing the outer mineral cover. It comprises soil, minerals, organic matter etc.

➖ Biosphere: It refers to the domain of living organism in covalent with atmosphere hydrosphere as well as lithosphere.

🔹Environmental Pollution :
Process of contamination of the environment with harmful wastes arising mainly from human activities.

➖Pollutant: Any substance or species produced either by a natural source or by human activity, which produces adverse effect on the environment.

➖Contaminant: A substance which does not occurs in nature but is introduced by human activity into the atmosphere affecting its composition.

➖Source: The site from which the pollution or contaminants originate.

➖Sink: The material or medium which consumes or interacts with a long lived pollutant is called sink.

➖Receptor : Anything that is affected by the pollutants.

➖Threshold limit value (TLV) : This indicates the permissible limit of a pollutant in atmosphere to which a healthy worker is exposed during hours a day or 40 hours a week for life time without any adverse effects. TLV are determined by experimentation on animals, by use of medical knowledge, epidemiology surveys & environmental studies.

🔹Tropospheric pollution or Air pollution:
It is the atmosphere condition in which the presence of certain concentration produce harmful effects on man and his environment. These substances include:

(i) Gases such as oxides of sulphur, CO, oxide of N2 and hydrocarbons

(ii) Particulate matter such as dust, smoke, fumes etc.

(iii) Radioactive material & many others.

➖Primary pollutants : These are the pollutants which are emitted directly from the sources. Some examples are:

➖Particulate Matter : Such as ash, smoke, dust, fumes etc.

➖Inorganic gases : Such as sulphur dioxide, carbon monoxide etc.


🔹Particulate matter:

➖Soot: produced by incomplete combustion of carbonaceous fossils fuels such as coal, fuel oil, natural gas, wood etc in insufficient supply of oxygen.

➖Metal particles: These are released by various metal finishing operation. The micro particles of toxic metal & SO2 gas present in the polluted atmosphere get absorbed on the particles rendering them highly toxic.

➖Metal oxides : They are generated by combustion of fuels containing metallic compounds.

➖Lead salts: Their source is lead tetraethyl (Pb(C2H5)4) which is added to gasoline to improve its antiknock property. In order to avoid deposition of PbO suitable amounts of C2H4Cl2 & C2H4Br2 are added to gasoline along with Pb(C2H5)4.

➖Fly ash: It originates from the combustion of high ash fossil. It contains partially burnt particles of the fuels.

➖Asbestos dust: It originates from industrial units manufacturing asbestos sheets, gaskets ropes etc. Asbestos flowing & asbestos insulations also contribute towards asbestos dust in the atmosphere.

➖Solid Hydrocarbons: These are emitted from petroleum refineries & comprise of paraffins, olefins & aromatics.

➖Dust Particulates: Originate from natural, domestic, industrial or agricultural sources. These are thrown into atmosphere by volcanic eruptions, blowing of dust by wind, mining operations etc.

➖Acid mist : Sulphuric acid mist is produced when SO3 present in the atmosphere comes in contact with moisture. Nitric acid mist is produced when oxides of nitrogen, viz, NO & NO2, undergo the series of reactions in the atmosphere.

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Chemistry Notes 11th 12th

16 Nov, 16:39

CHEMISTRY FOR NEET

Topic-wise distribution and percentage in 2024:

Must Do Topics For NEET ( Past 15 Years Analysis ) 🌻❤️

 Physical Chemistry:
Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry - ~1-2%
Structure of Atom - ~2-3%
Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties - ~2-3%
Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure - ~3-4%
States of Matter: Gases and Liquids - ~2-3%
Thermodynamics - ~3-4%
Equilibrium - ~3-4%
Redox Reactions - ~2-3%
Electrochemistry - ~2-3%
Chemical Kinetics - ~2-3%
Surface Chemistry - ~1-2%
Inorganic Chemistry:
Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties - ~2-3%
General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements - ~3-4%
Hydrogen - ~1-2%
s-Block Element (Alkali and Alkaline earth metals) - ~3-4%
Some p-Block Elements - ~3-4%
Organic Chemistry - Some Basic Principles and Techniques - ~2-3%
Coordination Compounds - ~2-3%
Environmental Chemistry - ~1-2%
Organic Chemistry:
Purification and Characterization of Organic Compounds - ~1-2%
Some Basic Principles of Organic Chemistry - ~3-4%
Hydrocarbons - ~3-4%
Environmental Chemistry - ~1-2%
Organic Compounds Containing Oxygen - ~3-4%
Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen - ~3-4%
Polymers - ~2-3%
Biomolecules - ~3-4%
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Chemistry Notes 11th 12th

15 Nov, 14:35

⌨️⌨️⌨️⌨️⌨️⌨️
⌨️⌨️⌨️⌨️⌨️⌨️⌨️⌨️


Cu20 ➡️ Red 🔹

CuO ➡️ Black 🔹

PbO ➡️Red/Yellow 🔹🔹

Cu2+, Cr+2 ➡️Blue 🔺

Mn+2, Co+2 ➡️Pink 🔸

Zns ➡️White ✔️

Cds Yellow ➡️🔹

Fe(oh)3 ➡️Reddish Brown 🔴

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Chemistry Notes 11th 12th

14 Nov, 08:08

Periodicity all hand written notes
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Chemistry Notes 11th 12th

13 Nov, 06:02

Goc -1
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Chemistry Notes 11th 12th

13 Nov, 06:01

36 most important name reactions in NEET 2024

01. Gattermann Reaction
02. Balz-Schiemann Reaction
03. Wurtz Reaction
04. Birch Reduction
05. Wurtz-Fittig Reaction
07. Fittig Reaction.
08. Ullmann reaction
09. Iodoform Reaction
10. Swarts Reaction
11. Kolbe’s Reaction
12. Reimer-Tiemann Reaction
13. Dows Process
14. Aldol Condensation.
15. Cross-Aldol
16. Cannizzaro’s Reaction
17. Clemmensen Reduction
18. Wolff-kishner reduction
19. Friedel Craft Reaction
20. Beckmann Rearrangement
21. Gabriel Phthalimide Synthesis
22. Hoffmann Bromamide Reaction
23. HVZ Reaction
24. Pinacol-Pinacolone Rearrangement
25. Fischer Esterification
26. Ozonolysis
27. Hofmann Elimination
28. Stephen Reduction
29. Rosenmund Reduction.
30. Finkelstein Reaction.
31. Etard Reaction.
32. Carbylamine Reaction
33. Coupling Reaction
34. Diazotization Reaction
35. Decarboxylation Reaction
36. Gatterman-Koch Reaction

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12 Nov, 05:49

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Chemistry Notes 11th 12th

11 Nov, 03:29

✍️Notes on Environmental Chemistry:

🔹Components of Environment:

➖Atmosphere: This comprises a blanket of gaseous layer around earth.

➖Hydrosphere: This comprises about 96% of earth’s surface & includes all sources of water like oceans rivers lakes, glaciers, ground water etc.

➖Lithosphere: It refers to earth’s solid crust containing the outer mineral cover. It comprises soil, minerals, organic matter etc.

➖ Biosphere: It refers to the domain of living organism in covalent with atmosphere hydrosphere as well as lithosphere.

🔹Environmental Pollution :
Process of contamination of the environment with harmful wastes arising mainly from human activities.

➖Pollutant: Any substance or species produced either by a natural source or by human activity, which produces adverse effect on the environment.

➖Contaminant: A substance which does not occurs in nature but is introduced by human activity into the atmosphere affecting its composition.

➖Source: The site from which the pollution or contaminants originate.

➖Sink: The material or medium which consumes or interacts with a long lived pollutant is called sink.

➖Receptor : Anything that is affected by the pollutants.

➖Threshold limit value (TLV) : This indicates the permissible limit of a pollutant in atmosphere to which a healthy worker is exposed during hours a day or 40 hours a week for life time without any adverse effects. TLV are determined by experimentation on animals, by use of medical knowledge, epidemiology surveys & environmental studies.

🔹Tropospheric pollution or Air pollution:
It is the atmosphere condition in which the presence of certain concentration produce harmful effects on man and his environment. These substances include:

(i) Gases such as oxides of sulphur, CO, oxide of N2 and hydrocarbons

(ii) Particulate matter such as dust, smoke, fumes etc.

(iii) Radioactive material & many others.

➖Primary pollutants : These are the pollutants which are emitted directly from the sources. Some examples are:

➖Particulate Matter : Such as ash, smoke, dust, fumes etc.

➖Inorganic gases : Such as sulphur dioxide, carbon monoxide etc.


🔹Particulate matter:

➖Soot: produced by incomplete combustion of carbonaceous fossils fuels such as coal, fuel oil, natural gas, wood etc in insufficient supply of oxygen.

➖Metal particles: These are released by various metal finishing operation. The micro particles of toxic metal & SO2 gas present in the polluted atmosphere get absorbed on the particles rendering them highly toxic.

➖Metal oxides : They are generated by combustion of fuels containing metallic compounds.

➖Lead salts: Their source is lead tetraethyl (Pb(C2H5)4) which is added to gasoline to improve its antiknock property. In order to avoid deposition of PbO suitable amounts of C2H4Cl2 & C2H4Br2 are added to gasoline along with Pb(C2H5)4.

➖Fly ash: It originates from the combustion of high ash fossil. It contains partially burnt particles of the fuels.

➖Asbestos dust: It originates from industrial units manufacturing asbestos sheets, gaskets ropes etc. Asbestos flowing & asbestos insulations also contribute towards asbestos dust in the atmosphere.

➖Solid Hydrocarbons: These are emitted from petroleum refineries & comprise of paraffins, olefins & aromatics.

➖Dust Particulates: Originate from natural, domestic, industrial or agricultural sources. These are thrown into atmosphere by volcanic eruptions, blowing of dust by wind, mining operations etc.

➖Acid mist : Sulphuric acid mist is produced when SO3 present in the atmosphere comes in contact with moisture. Nitric acid mist is produced when oxides of nitrogen, viz, NO & NO2, undergo the series of reactions in the atmosphere.

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