modern history syllabus decode by Waheed sir .pdf
Waheed Sir's ACADEMY
@waheedsirsacademy11wsa
FREE EDUCATION PLATEFORM
Waheed Sir's ACADEMY (English)
Are you looking for a free education platform that offers high-quality learning resources? Look no further than Waheed Sir's ACADEMY! As the name suggests, this Telegram channel, with the username @waheedsirsacademy11wsa, is dedicated to providing free educational content to its followers. Whether you are a student, a teacher, or someone who simply loves to learn, this channel has something for everyone. Waheed Sir's ACADEMY covers a wide range of subjects, including mathematics, science, history, literature, and more. The channel is updated regularly with new study materials, video lectures, practice quizzes, and helpful tips to enhance your knowledge and skills. With the support of a dedicated team of educators and experts, you can trust that you are getting accurate and reliable information to help you succeed in your academic pursuits. Who is Waheed Sir? Waheed Sir is a renowned educator with years of experience in teaching and mentoring students. His passion for education and commitment to helping others learn has inspired him to create this platform for students around the world. By joining Waheed Sir's ACADEMY, you will have the opportunity to learn from his expertise and benefit from his guidance in your educational journey. What is Waheed Sir's ACADEMY? It is more than just a Telegram channel - it is a community of learners who are passionate about education. Whether you are preparing for exams, looking to improve your skills, or simply seeking to expand your knowledge, this channel has the resources you need to achieve your goals. Best of all, it is completely free to join and access all the educational materials available. Don't miss out on this valuable opportunity to learn and grow with Waheed Sir's ACADEMY. Join the channel today and start your journey towards academic success! Remember, education is the key to unlocking your full potential, and Waheed Sir's ACADEMY is here to support you every step of the way.
Waheed Sir's ACADEMY
07 Dec, 17:12
Notes created by Waheed sir
Understand indian constitution by Waheed sir classes
And know your rights understand indian constitution.
You need this level of understanding about polity and your basic rights
Questions:-( most important)
"If a person takes a picture, video, or audio recording, including inappropriate or private content, of another person without their consent and shares it on social media, is it a violation of Article 21? Can the person whose content was shared take legal action against the person who posted it?"
Yes, if a person takes pictures, videos, or audio of someone without their consent and shares it on social media, it could be a violation of Article 21, which guarantees the right to privacy.
How does this relate to Article 21?
Article 21 ensures that no one shall be deprived of their life or personal liberty except according to a fair legal process. This includes the right to privacy, as the Supreme Court of India has held in the Puttaswamy case (2017) that privacy is an essential part of the right to life and liberty under Article 21.
When someone's private photos, videos, or audio are shared without their consent, this can be considered an invasion of privacy. This violation of privacy may cause harm, distress, and damage to that person’s dignity, reputation, and personal freedom. Such an act is legally wrong and could be challenged in a court.
Legal action:
1. Violation of Privacy: The person whose private content is shared without their consent can take legal action under Article 21, as well as under various provisions of the Indian Penal Code (IPC), like Section 66E (punishment for violation of privacy), and Section 354C (voyeurism).
2. Civil Case: The person can also file a civil case for defamation, seeking damages for the harm caused to their reputation and privacy.
3. Action under IT Act: Under the Information Technology Act, 2000, there are specific provisions (such as Section 66A) dealing with the misuse of technology to harm someone's reputation or privacy. Even sharing someone’s private images without consent is punishable under this Act.
Example:
If a person takes an intimate picture or video of someone without their knowledge or consent and posts it on social media, the person whose privacy has been violated can file a case in court. They can argue that their right to privacy has been infringed upon, and they could seek legal redress. The court would examine whether the sharing of that content was done with consent and if it violated the individual's rights.
Conclusion:
So yes, the person can go to court and file a case against the individual who shared their private pictures, videos, or audio without permission. The court can grant remedies such as removal of the content, damages, or even criminal punishment for the person who violated their privacy under Article 21 and relevant sections of the law.
So you have the rights to defend yourself.
Feel free.
Understand indian constitution by Waheed sir classes
And know your rights understand indian constitution.
You need this level of understanding about polity and your basic rights
Questions:-( most important)
"If a person takes a picture, video, or audio recording, including inappropriate or private content, of another person without their consent and shares it on social media, is it a violation of Article 21? Can the person whose content was shared take legal action against the person who posted it?"
Yes, if a person takes pictures, videos, or audio of someone without their consent and shares it on social media, it could be a violation of Article 21, which guarantees the right to privacy.
How does this relate to Article 21?
Article 21 ensures that no one shall be deprived of their life or personal liberty except according to a fair legal process. This includes the right to privacy, as the Supreme Court of India has held in the Puttaswamy case (2017) that privacy is an essential part of the right to life and liberty under Article 21.
When someone's private photos, videos, or audio are shared without their consent, this can be considered an invasion of privacy. This violation of privacy may cause harm, distress, and damage to that person’s dignity, reputation, and personal freedom. Such an act is legally wrong and could be challenged in a court.
Legal action:
1. Violation of Privacy: The person whose private content is shared without their consent can take legal action under Article 21, as well as under various provisions of the Indian Penal Code (IPC), like Section 66E (punishment for violation of privacy), and Section 354C (voyeurism).
2. Civil Case: The person can also file a civil case for defamation, seeking damages for the harm caused to their reputation and privacy.
3. Action under IT Act: Under the Information Technology Act, 2000, there are specific provisions (such as Section 66A) dealing with the misuse of technology to harm someone's reputation or privacy. Even sharing someone’s private images without consent is punishable under this Act.
Example:
If a person takes an intimate picture or video of someone without their knowledge or consent and posts it on social media, the person whose privacy has been violated can file a case in court. They can argue that their right to privacy has been infringed upon, and they could seek legal redress. The court would examine whether the sharing of that content was done with consent and if it violated the individual's rights.
Conclusion:
So yes, the person can go to court and file a case against the individual who shared their private pictures, videos, or audio without permission. The court can grant remedies such as removal of the content, damages, or even criminal punishment for the person who violated their privacy under Article 21 and relevant sections of the law.
So you have the rights to defend yourself.
Feel free.
Waheed Sir's ACADEMY
08 Nov, 17:13
Upsc-2025
Jkas-2024
Jkssb NT SI
Insights by Waheed Sir on eShram Portal
Why in News:
Recently, the eShram portal achieved over 30 crore registrations within just 3 years of its launch, highlighting its rapid reach among unorganised workers.
Launch & Ministry:
Launched by the Ministry of Labour & Employment on 26th August 2021.
Purpose:
Serves as a National Database of Unorganised Workers (NDUW).
Targets unorganised workers in sectors such as construction, agriculture, domestic work, and street vending.
Registration Details:
No income criteria for registering as an unorganised worker.
However, the worker should not be an income tax payee.
e-SHRAM Card:
Workers receive an e-SHRAM card with a unique 12-digit number.
Universal Account Number (UAN):
UAN is a 12-digit unique number assigned to each worker upon registration.
It is permanent and remains unchanged throughout the worker’s lifetime.
Jkas-2024
Jkssb NT SI
Insights by Waheed Sir on eShram Portal
Why in News:
Recently, the eShram portal achieved over 30 crore registrations within just 3 years of its launch, highlighting its rapid reach among unorganised workers.
Launch & Ministry:
Launched by the Ministry of Labour & Employment on 26th August 2021.
Purpose:
Serves as a National Database of Unorganised Workers (NDUW).
Targets unorganised workers in sectors such as construction, agriculture, domestic work, and street vending.
Registration Details:
No income criteria for registering as an unorganised worker.
However, the worker should not be an income tax payee.
e-SHRAM Card:
Workers receive an e-SHRAM card with a unique 12-digit number.
Universal Account Number (UAN):
UAN is a 12-digit unique number assigned to each worker upon registration.
It is permanent and remains unchanged throughout the worker’s lifetime.
Waheed Sir's ACADEMY
08 Nov, 04:41
WS ACADEMY BY WAHEED SIR
Polity Upsc -2025
JKAS-2024-2025
JKSSB NT SI ,10+2 POLITY
Anti- Defection law:-
The Anti-Defection Law in India, established through the 52nd Amendment Act of 1985 by adding the Tenth Schedule to the Constitution, seeks to curb political defection by elected representatives. Its main purpose is to maintain political stability and prevent elected members from switching parties for personal gain, which could destabilize governments.
Key Aspects of the Anti-Defection Law
1. Disqualification Criteria:
Voluntary Resignation: A member is disqualified if they voluntarily resign from their party.
Voting Against Party: A member can also be disqualified if they vote or abstain from voting contrary to the party's directions without permission.
Independent and Nominated Members: Independent members joining a party after being elected are disqualified, while nominated members can join a party within six months of nomination.
2. Authority for Disqualification:
The Speaker or Chairman of the House is empowered to decide on disqualification cases. However, the role of the Speaker in such decisions has sparked controversy, with allegations of partiality in certain cases.
3. Exemptions:
Merger Provision: Initially, the law allowed a "split" if one-third of members broke away from a party, but the 91st Amendment Act of 2003 removed this clause. Now, a merger is allowed only if two-thirds of the members of a party agree to merge with another party.
Judicial Review and Notable Court Cases
The Supreme Court of India has played a significant role in interpreting the Anti-Defection Law, especially concerning judicial review of the Speaker's decisions. Initially, the Speaker's decision was deemed final and not subject to judicial review; however, the judiciary later clarified this in key cases.
1. Kihoto Hollohan vs. Zachillhu (1992):
In this landmark case, the Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of the Anti-Defection Law but ruled that the Speaker's decisions are open to judicial review. The Court stated that while the Speaker’s decision is final, it is subject to intervention in cases of procedural irregularities or malafide intentions.
2. Manipur Case (2020):
In a 2020 case regarding the Manipur Assembly, the Supreme Court directed that disqualification cases must be decided within a "reasonable period," typically within three months, to prevent undue delays.
3. Rajasthan Assembly Case (2020):
The Rajasthan High Court allowed a judicial review of the Speaker's notice of disqualification, reinforcing that the Speaker's decisions are not beyond judicial scrutiny.
Amendments and Reforms
The 91st Amendment Act of 2003 strengthened the Anti-Defection Law by:
Removing the provision allowing a split with one-third of members.
Introducing a requirement for two-thirds of members to approve a merger, making it harder for members to defect or claim a valid party split.
Summary
The Anti-Defection Law is a safeguard against instability caused by defections in legislatures. While it vests the Speaker with decision-making authority, judicial review by the courts ensures checks and balances to prevent potential abuses. Key cases, such as Kihoto Hollohan, underscore that the Speaker's powers are not absolute, and judicial intervention is allowed to ensure transparency and fairness in disqualification matters.
Polity Upsc -2025
JKAS-2024-2025
JKSSB NT SI ,10+2 POLITY
Anti- Defection law:-
The Anti-Defection Law in India, established through the 52nd Amendment Act of 1985 by adding the Tenth Schedule to the Constitution, seeks to curb political defection by elected representatives. Its main purpose is to maintain political stability and prevent elected members from switching parties for personal gain, which could destabilize governments.
Key Aspects of the Anti-Defection Law
1. Disqualification Criteria:
Voluntary Resignation: A member is disqualified if they voluntarily resign from their party.
Voting Against Party: A member can also be disqualified if they vote or abstain from voting contrary to the party's directions without permission.
Independent and Nominated Members: Independent members joining a party after being elected are disqualified, while nominated members can join a party within six months of nomination.
2. Authority for Disqualification:
The Speaker or Chairman of the House is empowered to decide on disqualification cases. However, the role of the Speaker in such decisions has sparked controversy, with allegations of partiality in certain cases.
3. Exemptions:
Merger Provision: Initially, the law allowed a "split" if one-third of members broke away from a party, but the 91st Amendment Act of 2003 removed this clause. Now, a merger is allowed only if two-thirds of the members of a party agree to merge with another party.
Judicial Review and Notable Court Cases
The Supreme Court of India has played a significant role in interpreting the Anti-Defection Law, especially concerning judicial review of the Speaker's decisions. Initially, the Speaker's decision was deemed final and not subject to judicial review; however, the judiciary later clarified this in key cases.
1. Kihoto Hollohan vs. Zachillhu (1992):
In this landmark case, the Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of the Anti-Defection Law but ruled that the Speaker's decisions are open to judicial review. The Court stated that while the Speaker’s decision is final, it is subject to intervention in cases of procedural irregularities or malafide intentions.
2. Manipur Case (2020):
In a 2020 case regarding the Manipur Assembly, the Supreme Court directed that disqualification cases must be decided within a "reasonable period," typically within three months, to prevent undue delays.
3. Rajasthan Assembly Case (2020):
The Rajasthan High Court allowed a judicial review of the Speaker's notice of disqualification, reinforcing that the Speaker's decisions are not beyond judicial scrutiny.
Amendments and Reforms
The 91st Amendment Act of 2003 strengthened the Anti-Defection Law by:
Removing the provision allowing a split with one-third of members.
Introducing a requirement for two-thirds of members to approve a merger, making it harder for members to defect or claim a valid party split.
Summary
The Anti-Defection Law is a safeguard against instability caused by defections in legislatures. While it vests the Speaker with decision-making authority, judicial review by the courts ensures checks and balances to prevent potential abuses. Key cases, such as Kihoto Hollohan, underscore that the Speaker's powers are not absolute, and judicial intervention is allowed to ensure transparency and fairness in disqualification matters.
Waheed Sir's ACADEMY
04 Nov, 17:19
https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PL_8Be0lEtunyY9S0MvV6xhrWTgAcL_J12&si=XqMwZhIA4Z2xZ59q
Waheed Sir's ACADEMY
04 Nov, 17:09
Must listen everyone till end because Waheed sir has shared important points for upcoming exams.
Waheed Sir's ACADEMY
24 Oct, 02:28
For JKP constable aspirants
"Dear students, this is the time to stay committed and focused. The journey ahead may seem challenging, but remember that success comes to those who keep pushing till the end. Focus on your studies, practice consistently, and believe in yourself. November is just around the corner, and every day counts. Give your best effort and stay determined. Together, we can achieve success. Keep moving forward.
Waheed sir
"Dear students, this is the time to stay committed and focused. The journey ahead may seem challenging, but remember that success comes to those who keep pushing till the end. Focus on your studies, practice consistently, and believe in yourself. November is just around the corner, and every day counts. Give your best effort and stay determined. Together, we can achieve success. Keep moving forward.
Waheed sir
Waheed Sir's ACADEMY
10 Oct, 15:35
🔘Greater One Horned Rhino
▪️One Horned Rhino also known as Indian Rhino is a rhinoceros species native to the Indian subcontinent.
▪️The Habitat of this species is restricted to small habitats in Indo-Nepal terai and northern West Bengal and Assam.
▪️IUCN Red List: Vulnerable
▪️CITES: Appendix I
▪️Wildlife Protection Act, 1972: Schedule I
▪️New Delhi Declaration on Asian Rhinos 2019: Under the declaration, India will collaborate with Bhutan, Nepal, Indonesia, and Malaysia for conservation and protection of three Asian rhino species-
▪️Greater one-horned rhinoceros,
▪️Javan rhinoceros( listed as Critically Endangered in the IUCN Red List) and
▪️Sumatran rhinoceros (listed as Critically Endangered in the IUCN Red List).
▪️One Horned Rhino also known as Indian Rhino is a rhinoceros species native to the Indian subcontinent.
▪️The Habitat of this species is restricted to small habitats in Indo-Nepal terai and northern West Bengal and Assam.
▪️IUCN Red List: Vulnerable
▪️CITES: Appendix I
▪️Wildlife Protection Act, 1972: Schedule I
▪️New Delhi Declaration on Asian Rhinos 2019: Under the declaration, India will collaborate with Bhutan, Nepal, Indonesia, and Malaysia for conservation and protection of three Asian rhino species-
▪️Greater one-horned rhinoceros,
▪️Javan rhinoceros( listed as Critically Endangered in the IUCN Red List) and
▪️Sumatran rhinoceros (listed as Critically Endangered in the IUCN Red List).
Waheed Sir's ACADEMY
02 Oct, 15:02
"To all my dear students, I miss you all more than words can express. Your energy, passion, and hard work have always been my greatest motivation. Stay focused, keep believing in yourselves, and never lose sight of your dreams. I'm always with you in spirit. Take care!" - Waheed Sir
Waheed Sir's ACADEMY
21 Sep, 03:10
COMPILED ECONOMIC NOTES BY WAHEED SIR,, MADE BY WS ACADEMY.pdf
Waheed Sir's ACADEMY
20 Sep, 16:40
In new classes you will get indepth understanding through hand written notes made by Waheed sir in easy language to understand. It will cover all concepts in very simple way.you will love the study.
Waheed Sir's ACADEMY
20 Sep, 16:28
All students must listen it till end because Waheed have shared important thing at the end
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