Focus Anthro - Case studies and Value Additions 🎓

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He argued that family is not a natural category but a cultural construct.

David Schneider - cultural construction of family

Marilyn Strathern:

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Jharkhand: The Trauma of Development and Displacement | The Avenue Mail
https://avenuemail.in/jharkhand-the-trauma-of-development-and-displacement/

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Patricia M. Greenfield

Context: The Delhi High Court (Neetu Grover vs Union of India Ors.) dismissed a petition challenging the marriage between two Hindus who are 'Sapindas'.

What is sapinda marriage?

⇒ A sapinda marriage involves individuals closely related within a specified degree of kinship.
⇒ Section 3 of the Hindu Marriage Act (HMA) defines sapinda marriages, stating that two persons are sapindas if one is a lineal ascendant of the other within the limits of sapinda relationship or if they share a common lineal ascendant within these limits
⇒ On the mother's side, a Hindu individual is prohibited from marrying within three generations in the line of ascent, and on the father's side, this prohibition extends to five generations.
⇒ If a marriage violates Section 5(v) of the HMA as a sapinda marriage and lacks an established custom allowing such unions, it will be declared void.
⇒ A void marriage implies that it was invalid from the outset and is treated as though it never occurred.
⇒ Declaration of a sapinda marriage as void is based on the violation of Section 5(v) and the absence of a permissible custom. This legal consequence reinforces the notion that the marriage is deemed null and void, erasing its legal existence.

Exceptions to the prohibition against sapinda marriages:
⇒ There is a single exception outlined in the same provision, which comes into play when the customs of the individuals involved allow for sapinda marriages.
⇒ A custom must be consistently and uniformly observed for an extended period, obtaining sufficient legitimacy among Hindus in a local area, tribe, group, or family. This legitimacy is such that the custom attains "the force of law."


Sapinda marriages in other countries: 
⇒ In France: The crime of incest was abolished under the Penal Code of 1810, so long as the marriage was between consenting adults.
⇒ Portuguese law: Does not criminalise incest.
⇒ In Republic of Ireland: Recognised same-sex marriages in 2015, but the law on incest has not been updated to include individuals in same-sex relationships.
⇒ Italian law: Incest is a crime only if it causes a “public scandal”.
⇒ In the United States: Incestuous marriages are banned in all 50 states, though incestuous relationships between consenting adults are allowed in New Jersey and Rhode Island.

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https://youtu.be/yiGSpr1_ixI?si=WVTxMmtFEFe-ZKRL

Day 96
Development-induced dispossession: Adivasi existence in the milieu of contemporary Indian texts in translation

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Thadou Tribe Leaders In Historic Convention Seek To Protect Distinct Identity Not Part Of Kuki
https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/thadou-tribe-leaders-in-historic-convention-seeks-to-protect-distinct-identity-not-part-of-kuki-6929721

New insights into the origin of the Indo-Euro | EurekAlert!
https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/996768

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Good news on Diwali eve..
The opening up of Focus Career Hub offline center at Rayachoti with lush green campus surrounding scenic beauty will be on 13th November, 2024.

On this special occasion an offer from Team Focus Career Hub to all the senior enthusiastic officers in making.


Are you a motivated senior aspirant seeking a supportive environment to thrive?

We're excited to offer a unique opportunity for ambitious individuals like you. Our program provides free accommodation and part-time work opportunities, allowing you to focus on your studies and gain valuable practical experience in UPSC and alike.

What We Offer:

1. Free Accommodation: A comfortable and convenient place to stay, free of charge.

2. Part-Time Work Opportunities: Flexible work arrangements that balances day schedule, enabling you to earn while you learn.

3. Supportive Community: Connect with selected officers, like-minded peers and mentors who can provide guidance and encouragement.

4. Career Development Resources: Access to tools and resources to help you advance your career goals.

How to Apply:

To apply for this opportunity, please submit your resume and a brief cover letter highlighting your skills, experiences, and aspirations @Focushub_helpline before 10th November, 2024.

Final selections will be announced on 12th November, 2024.

Don't miss this chance to enhance your academic journey and kickstart your career along with preparation. Apply today!

Note: You can forward it to the willing and are in need.

Happy Diwali once again to you and your family ✨️

That's around the building!

Will take over shortly!

In the last lap of finishing,
By 6th November stage will be set including lawn and plantation.

Tibetan women are living proof of how evolution happens on a daily basis
https://www.indiatoday.in/science/story/tibetan-women-are-living-proof-of-how-evolution-happens-on-a-daily-basis-2621009-2024-10-22

The GIAB genomic stratifications resource for human reference genomes
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-024-53260-y

Autism Risk in Males Linked to Y Chromosome
https://neurosciencenews.com/y-chromosome-autism-27886/

Unit 10, Paper 1
GS 3

https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/the-many-myths-about-protein-deficiency-in-people-in-india/article68738042.ece

‘Phenomenal’ tool sequences DNA and tracks proteins — without cracking cells open
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-024-03276-7

In a new book, Devdutt Pattanaik argues that the Harappan civilisation persists in our memories
https://scroll.in/article/1073796/in-a-new-book-devdutt-pattanaik-argues-that-the-harappan-civilisation-persists-in-our-memories

A tribe out of time: how Chenchus have been caught between ancestral past and uncertain future in Andhra Pradesh
https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/a-tribe-out-of-time-how-chenchus-have-been-caught-between-ancestral-past-and-uncertain-future-in-andhra-pradesh/article68714155.ece

Racial justice - Amnesty International
https://www.amnesty.org/en/what-we-do/discrimination/racial-justice/

As you embark on this challenging yet rewarding Mains 2024 spree, remember the words of renowned anthropologists who have paved the way for our understanding of human societies:

Margaret Mead: "We are all born with the capacity to be anything we choose to be, but we must choose. And we must choose wisely."

Bronislaw Malinowski: "The aim of anthropology is to understand the native's point of view, his reactions, his interpretations of the events in his life."

Claude Lévi-Strauss: "The anthropologist is not a man who knows everything; he is a man who knows where to find the answers."

May these words inspire you to Write bright as you delve into the complexities of Questions with human culture, tribal society, and biology. Your hard work and dedication will undoubtedly lead you to success..

All the very best !

HistoriCity | A century later, the mystery of Mohenjo-daro or the Mound of the Dead endures
https://www.hindustantimes.com/analysis/historicity-a-century-later-the-mystery-of-mohenjo-daro-or-the-mound-of-the-dead-endures-101727266671766.html

Single-cell multi-omics map of human fetal blood in Down syndrome | Nature
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-07946-4

From today's nature article:

Recent studies indicate children with trisomy of chromosome 21 (Ts21), known as Down syndrome, have a 150-fold higher risk of developing myeloid leukaemia in the first 5 years of life than the general population.

Topic 9.4, paper 1.

100 years of the discovery of the Indus Civilisation: The stories you haven’t heard yet
https://indianexpress.com/article/express-sunday-eye/100-years-of-the-discovery-of-the-indus-civilisation-9580208/

Harappan civilisation: enigma remains even after 100 years of exploration
https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/harappan-civilisation-100-years-of-historic-exploration/article68660040.ece

Why some organs age faster than others: Scientists discover hidden mutations in non-coding DNA
https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-09-age-faster-scientists-hidden-mutations.html

Reconstructing contact
and a potential interbreeding
geographical zone
between Neanderthals
and anatomically modern humans.

We May Have Found Where Modern Humans And Neanderthals Became One : ScienceAlert
https://www.sciencealert.com/we-may-have-found-where-modern-humans-and-neanderthals-became-one

https://indianexpress.com/article/research/caste-vs-race-why-indias-experience-of-affirmative-action-has-lasted-longer-than-americas-8865967/

#mains 2024

The Evolution of Human species.