SOCIOLOGY FORTUNE IAS

♦️ It can be used in Politics and Society ♦️

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♦️It can be used in Population Dynamics in paper 2.♦️

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♦️ Classic example of Religious Fundamentalism ♦️

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♦️It can be used in work and economic life ♦️

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🔷 It is an example of glass ceiling. It can be used in gender, status of women in India.🔷

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♦️This is related to topics in paper 2 such as Regionalism, Ethnic movement and Tribes in India ♦️

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Photo from Jeevan s

♦️ It is an example of convergence between economics and sociology ♦️

NOBEL PRIZE in ECONOMICS 2024 in ECONOMIC SOCIOLOGY:

This year's Nobel Prize in Economics bestowed upon Prof Daren Acemeoglu, Prof Simon Johnson and Prof James Robinson, have been done so for their path-breaking work on the interface between economics and sociology - what we call Economic Sociology.

Their pioneering work spanning decades, and over tonnes of empirical data being collected, studied and analyzed both spatially and temporarlly (something which sociologists doing comparative study also engage in) focus on what leads to economic prosperity for a society or a nation. And unlike others who focussed on factors like early start, climate, biology, geography, etc., the three Nobel laureates of 2024 focussed on societal institutions. And they concluded, after years of research, that nations with robust societal and political institutions, a thriving democracy, deeply entrenched rule of law, and one which focuses on inclusivity, invariably moves towards economic prosperity. They call such societies having 'inclusive institutional framework' or, more precisely just 'inclusive institutions'. The opposite to this is, to them, 'extractive institutions' which invariably leads to economic downslide and poverty.

They did extensive study on colonialism, and came out with a highly regarded and enriching paper in 2001 titled 'The Cononial Origins of Comparative Development: An Emprical Investigation". Terms like 'comparative study', 'development' and 'empirical Investigation' do ring a bell with the sociologists. However, their most famous work was the book 'Why Nations Fail' which got published in 2012, jointly written by Prof Acemeoglu and Prof Robinson, and became an instant global bestseller. The breadth and sweep of the work rooted in unending and incontrovertible empirical data, took the academic world by storm and swept them of their feet. 'Why Nations Fail' should be a must-read for students and researchers of economic sociology.

Their Nobel Prize citation reads:

"Societies with a poor rule of law and institutions that exploit the population do not generate growth or change for the better"

This Nobel reminds me of the Nobel Prize in Economics awarded in 2002 to Prof Daniel Kahneman, the renowed psychologist, who laid the foundation of 'behavioral economics', and whose book 'Thinking Fast and Slow' published in 2011 is still considered one of the most influential books of all times. Later, Prof Richard Thaler, the author of the globally renowned book 'Nudge', won the Nobel for Behavioral Economics in 2017, and grounded it firmly as a critical sub-branch of economics.

♦️ It is related to Work and Economic Life ♦️

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♦️Comparison of UPSC sociology question papers and Mains Test Series. ♦️

Mapper_2024_PaperII.pdf

mapper_2024_paper1.pdf