كله صح ده القصد
Quiz 51
@q51muph
Material Questions
Quiz 51 (English)
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Quiz 51
22 Jan, 22:11
1-........is the most Common type urinary incontinence in Women
[Stress Ui]
2- ........is the most Common type of urinary incontinence in Men
[Urge Ui]
3-...........is ą blocker that decrease uretheral sphincter tone /Worse Stress Ui
[Prazocin ] ده مهم
4-.........is Cholinergic agents or Cholinesterase inhibitors which used in ttt of Alzheimer's/Worse Urge Ui
[Bethanechol ] مهم بردك
5-...........is less Common Causes of incontinence but associated with damage in bladder & Kidney
[Overflow Ui]
6-....... Are Drugs that worse overflow Ui symptoms
[Anticholinergic agents/ ą- agonist agent / CCBs / opioids ]
7- ......is first line therapy in Stress Ui
[Non pharmacological therapy]
8-........used when your urinary sphincter no longer works well
[Artificial urinary sphincter]
9-.........is second 🥈 line therapy in Stress Ui
[Duloxetine ] مهم مهم
10-...........used to stimulate uretheral smooth muscle Contraction To treat Stress Ui
[ą- Agonists " pseudoephedrine/phenylephrine"]
11-......add to therapy For women to treat Vaginal atrophy
[Topical Vaginal estrogen]
12-......helps keep tissue healthy & Flexible, promote Function of bladder & urethera For women
[Estrogen]
13-.........is third 🥉 line therapy to treat Urge Ui
[Peripheral tibial nerve stimulation/ Sacral neuromodulation technique]
14- ........First 🥇 line pharmacotherapy to treat Urge Ui
[Anticholinergic agents " Oxybutine /Tolterodine/Fesoterodine /Fesoterodine /Darifenacin/Solifenacin ]
15-.........is example of pharmacological therapy for overflow Ui
[ą- antagonists " Tamsulosin واى حاجة آخرها osin ]
[Stress Ui]
2- ........is the most Common type of urinary incontinence in Men
[Urge Ui]
3-...........is ą blocker that decrease uretheral sphincter tone /Worse Stress Ui
[Prazocin ] ده مهم
4-.........is Cholinergic agents or Cholinesterase inhibitors which used in ttt of Alzheimer's/Worse Urge Ui
[Bethanechol ] مهم بردك
5-...........is less Common Causes of incontinence but associated with damage in bladder & Kidney
[Overflow Ui]
6-....... Are Drugs that worse overflow Ui symptoms
[Anticholinergic agents/ ą- agonist agent / CCBs / opioids ]
7- ......is first line therapy in Stress Ui
[Non pharmacological therapy]
8-........used when your urinary sphincter no longer works well
[Artificial urinary sphincter]
9-.........is second 🥈 line therapy in Stress Ui
[Duloxetine ] مهم مهم
10-...........used to stimulate uretheral smooth muscle Contraction To treat Stress Ui
[ą- Agonists " pseudoephedrine/phenylephrine"]
11-......add to therapy For women to treat Vaginal atrophy
[Topical Vaginal estrogen]
12-......helps keep tissue healthy & Flexible, promote Function of bladder & urethera For women
[Estrogen]
13-.........is third 🥉 line therapy to treat Urge Ui
[Peripheral tibial nerve stimulation/ Sacral neuromodulation technique]
14- ........First 🥇 line pharmacotherapy to treat Urge Ui
[Anticholinergic agents " Oxybutine /Tolterodine/Fesoterodine /Fesoterodine /Darifenacin/Solifenacin ]
15-.........is example of pharmacological therapy for overflow Ui
[ą- antagonists " Tamsulosin واى حاجة آخرها osin ]
Quiz 51
22 Jan, 22:11
1-.......is a chronic progressive optic neuropathy
[Glucoma]
2- ......ia first 🥇 line therapy in Closed angle Glucoma
[Surgery "iridotomy"]
3-...... is First 🥇 line therapy in Glucoma
[Latanoprost ]مهم جداً
لو ملقتوش أو قالك ف السؤال مش متوفر أو انت فى مصر يعنى مش موجود هنختار ال ß blockers
4- .....used in closed angle Glucoma or before surgery of closed angle Glucoma
[Pilocarpine]
5- ........is an example of AChEi & increase outflow to treat Glaucoma
[Echothiopate ]
6-........is an ą¹Agonist that prodrug Converted into adrenaline
[Dipiverine ]
7-.......is an example of ß blocker that blunt the ganglion Cell Death in Glucoma
[Levobetaxolol ]
8-.......is an example of selective ß blockers that has Neuroprotective effect & CCBs effect
[Betaxolol]
[Glucoma]
2- ......ia first 🥇 line therapy in Closed angle Glucoma
[Surgery "iridotomy"]
3-...... is First 🥇 line therapy in Glucoma
[Latanoprost ]مهم جداً
لو ملقتوش أو قالك ف السؤال مش متوفر أو انت فى مصر يعنى مش موجود هنختار ال ß blockers
4- .....used in closed angle Glucoma or before surgery of closed angle Glucoma
[Pilocarpine]
5- ........is an example of AChEi & increase outflow to treat Glaucoma
[Echothiopate ]
6-........is an ą¹Agonist that prodrug Converted into adrenaline
[Dipiverine ]
7-.......is an example of ß blocker that blunt the ganglion Cell Death in Glucoma
[Levobetaxolol ]
8-.......is an example of selective ß blockers that has Neuroprotective effect & CCBs effect
[Betaxolol]
Quiz 51
22 Jan, 22:09
★ أنا مين يا نجم؟! 🦦:-
1-.........is the Gold standard Surgery to treat BPH
[Transurethral resection of prostate]
2-..........is Surgery to treat patients with Concomitant bladder stones
[Open prostatectomy]
3-........is Example that Worsen obstructive Voiding/Contraindicated in BPH
[Antihistamines, Decongestant, Androgens , Sedatives]
4-............relax Smooth muscle of the bladder neck & prostate, Side effects is retrograde ejaculation
[ą- Adrenergic antagonists → أى مثال آخره osin ]
5- ............is First line therapy to treat BPH medically
[ą- Adrenergic antagonists → أى مثال آخره osin ]
6-...........Shrink the prostate & Cause Sexual side effects
[5ą- reductase inhibitors " Finasteride / Dutastride "]
7- ........used to treat patients with BPH & Hyperactive bladder "Urgency & Frequency"
[Tolterodine "Anticholinergic agent"]
8-.........used to treat patients with BPH & erectile/Sexual dysfunction
[Tadalafil]
9-........is a ß³ adrenergic agonist that improve urine storage in the bladder
[Mirabegron]
10- .......is not FDA approved For patients who poorly tolerate Anticholinergic adverse effects/ may add to ą- Adrenergic agonist
[Mirabegron]
1-.........is the Gold standard Surgery to treat BPH
[Transurethral resection of prostate]
2-..........is Surgery to treat patients with Concomitant bladder stones
[Open prostatectomy]
3-........is Example that Worsen obstructive Voiding/Contraindicated in BPH
[Antihistamines, Decongestant, Androgens , Sedatives]
4-............relax Smooth muscle of the bladder neck & prostate, Side effects is retrograde ejaculation
[ą- Adrenergic antagonists → أى مثال آخره osin ]
5- ............is First line therapy to treat BPH medically
[ą- Adrenergic antagonists → أى مثال آخره osin ]
6-...........Shrink the prostate & Cause Sexual side effects
[5ą- reductase inhibitors " Finasteride / Dutastride "]
7- ........used to treat patients with BPH & Hyperactive bladder "Urgency & Frequency"
[Tolterodine "Anticholinergic agent"]
8-.........used to treat patients with BPH & erectile/Sexual dysfunction
[Tadalafil]
9-........is a ß³ adrenergic agonist that improve urine storage in the bladder
[Mirabegron]
10- .......is not FDA approved For patients who poorly tolerate Anticholinergic adverse effects/ may add to ą- Adrenergic agonist
[Mirabegron]
Quiz 51
04 Jan, 00:50
دى اهم حاجه تعرف كل واحد استخدامه اى أو بيقيس اى بالظبط وشكراً لحسن استماعكم 🤍
Quiz 51
04 Jan, 00:50
🔷Wells clinical model:
Determine probability for DVT and PE
-For DVT
1 low <0
2 moderate 1-2
3 high >3
-For PE
1 low 0-1
2 moderate 2-6
3 high ≥7
🔷 Carpini score:
Assess risk for DVT
in DVT prophylaxis in surgical patients
🔷 CHA2DS2-VASC scoring system:
Estimate risk of stroke in AFib/AFlutter
- males 0 , females 1
➡️ No anticoagulation
- males ≥ 1 , females ≥ 2
➡️ Oral anticoagulation
- males ≥ 2 , females ≥ 3
➡️ DOAC
🔷 HAS-BLED scoring tool:
Assess risk of bleeding for patient with atrial fibrillation
Determine probability for DVT and PE
-For DVT
1 low <0
2 moderate 1-2
3 high >3
-For PE
1 low 0-1
2 moderate 2-6
3 high ≥7
🔷 Carpini score:
Assess risk for DVT
in DVT prophylaxis in surgical patients
🔷 CHA2DS2-VASC scoring system:
Estimate risk of stroke in AFib/AFlutter
- males 0 , females 1
➡️ No anticoagulation
- males ≥ 1 , females ≥ 2
➡️ Oral anticoagulation
- males ≥ 2 , females ≥ 3
➡️ DOAC
🔷 HAS-BLED scoring tool:
Assess risk of bleeding for patient with atrial fibrillation
Quiz 51
04 Jan, 00:26
Lec 9
Clinical pharmacy
Dr/mona
[Anticoagulant 3]
يا ساتر استر من دخول الحارة
Clinical pharmacy
Dr/mona
[Anticoagulant 3]
يا ساتر استر من دخول الحارة
Quiz 51
03 Jan, 12:28
Quiz 51
03 Jan, 12:28
The General history template is 1. Presenting complaint
2. History of presenting complaint
3. Past medical history
4. Drug history
5. Family history
6. Social and personal history
7. Systems review
2. History of presenting complaint
3. Past medical history
4. Drug history
5. Family history
6. Social and personal history
7. Systems review
Quiz 51
02 Dec, 00:05
Complete :
M. lyprae can't grow in artificial culture so it's grown in the
footpads of mice
M. lyprae can't grow in artificial culture so it's grown in the
Quiz 51
02 Dec, 00:05
Complete :
Prevention of M.tuberculosis can occured using ..
Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine
Prevention of M.tuberculosis can occured using ..
Quiz 51
16 Nov, 07:02
Role of encircled groups are .......
[Masking two negative charges of the phosphate group So increase lipophilicity and facilitate entry of the drug into the infected cell]
[Masking two negative charges of the phosphate group So increase lipophilicity and facilitate entry of the drug into the infected cell]
Quiz 51
16 Nov, 06:59
-Role of group 1 is .....[increase potency because enzymatic addition of the first phosphate group is slow]
- Role of group 2 is .....[Cause Chain termination through Steric clash with incoming nucleoside triphosphate]
- Role of group 2 is .....[Cause Chain termination through Steric clash with incoming nucleoside triphosphate]
Quiz 51
16 Nov, 06:50
- Combination between Boceprevir & Ribavirin
OR
- Combination between Telaprevir & Ribavirin
وتكتب بقى السبب الMOA بتاع كل واحد فيهم
يارب يسر الأمور وهونها علينا جميعاً
OR
- Combination between Telaprevir & Ribavirin
وتكتب بقى السبب الMOA بتاع كل واحد فيهم
يارب يسر الأمور وهونها علينا جميعاً
Quiz 51
15 Nov, 23:42
واخد بالك معانا إن التغير حصل فوق وتحت فى الاستراكشر ؟!
مين كمان كان كدا👀
اطلع فوق شوف وراجع وجمع
https://t.me/Q51MUPH/14336
الخير جاى إن شاء الله
مين كمان كان كدا👀
اطلع فوق شوف وراجع وجمع
https://t.me/Q51MUPH/14336
الخير جاى إن شاء الله
Quiz 51
15 Nov, 23:36
مثال على ال Active Form
حتى الآن عمالين نضيف 3 phosphate أهو
والدكتور قالت مترسمش الاختصار اللى هو p وخلاص لا
هنرسمهم كاملين بالروابط بتاعتهم زى الأمثلة السابقة لل Activation
حتى الآن عمالين نضيف 3 phosphate أهو
والدكتور قالت مترسمش الاختصار اللى هو p وخلاص لا
هنرسمهم كاملين بالروابط بتاعتهم زى الأمثلة السابقة لل Activation
Quiz 51
15 Nov, 23:32
كان فى Combination وسط الكلام كدا فجمع الدنيا مع بعض ومتنساش تكتب نبذة صغنونة كدا عن ال MOA بتاع كل واحد فيهم بعد الجملة الىى عندها سهم دى
لا حول ولا قوه الا بالله العلي العظيم
لا حول ولا قوه الا بالله العلي العظيم
Quiz 51
15 Nov, 22:54
باشا البلد ياخد باله إن الActivation form لل Famciclovir
هو ال Penciclovir
ولكن
جبنالك كله علشان لو جات فى صورة Metabolite ولا حاجة
ربنا هيفرجها بس الصبر
هو ال Penciclovir
ولكن
جبنالك كله علشان لو جات فى صورة Metabolite ولا حاجة
ربنا هيفرجها بس الصبر
Quiz 51
15 Nov, 22:49
أدى مثال كمان على ال Active Form
شوف كدا الreply كان مثال ايه وقارن ما بينهم علشان وانت ماشى تجمع كدا
هانت والله العظيم هانت
شوف كدا الreply كان مثال ايه وقارن ما بينهم علشان وانت ماشى تجمع كدا
هانت والله العظيم هانت
Quiz 51
15 Nov, 22:21
أدى أول Combination يقابلك وهو ال Nirmatrelvir مع الRitonavir
السبب من أول Both are protease inhibitors
وتكتبلها جملة اى هو ال Protease ده اللى هو بيعمل Cut apart وهكذا وتكتب الجدولين هكذا بقى مع كله دى التفاصيل اللى أكدت عليها
السبب من أول Both are protease inhibitors
وتكتبلها جملة اى هو ال Protease ده اللى هو بيعمل Cut apart وهكذا وتكتب الجدولين هكذا بقى مع كله دى التفاصيل اللى أكدت عليها
Quiz 51
15 Nov, 22:13
سؤال بدرجة أى Active أو metabolite يقابلك جمع معانا كدا
وخليك بالك هنا من الRole اللى فوق دى مستخبية 🙊
وخليك بالك هنا من الRole اللى فوق دى مستخبية 🙊
Quiz 51
14 Nov, 19:40
_ Is this drug can be taken orally?!
Justify your answer.
Yes
Orally active due to acetoxy ethyl ester prodrug
So increases lipophilicity and oral absorption 👉🏻 satisfactory blood level of drug.
Justify your answer.
Orally active due to acetoxy ethyl ester prodrug
So increases lipophilicity and oral absorption 👉🏻 satisfactory blood level of drug.
Quiz 51
14 Nov, 19:38
Is Carbencillin used oral ?!
And justify your answer.
No ,
Decarboxylation in acidic medium to benzyl pencillin
Carbencillin act as Antipseudomonal pencillin. Why ?
Has Polar group (COOH ) at alpha carbon,
so increase polarity and effective against wide range of gram-ve bacteria .
And justify your answer.
Carbencillin act as Antipseudomonal pencillin. Why ?
so increase polarity and effective against wide range of gram-ve bacteria .
Quiz 51
14 Nov, 19:37
According to the above structure,
Is this drug is B-lactamase sensitive and stable in acid medium ?!
And justify your answer.
Its B lactamase sensitive, butunstable in acid medium.
B-lactamase sensitive 👉🏻 as bulky group not on alpha carbon.
Unstable in acid medium 👉🏻 as alpha NH2 not protonated in gastric acidity
( Its amide not amine )
كذالك نكتب بالأسلوب ال فهمينه
Is this drug is B-lactamase sensitive and stable in acid medium ?!
And justify your answer.
Its B lactamase sensitive, but
B-lactamase sensitive 👉🏻 as bulky group not on alpha carbon.
Unstable in acid medium 👉🏻 as alpha NH2 not protonated in gastric acidity
( Its amide not amine )
كذالك نكتب بالأسلوب ال فهمينه
Quiz 51
14 Nov, 19:36
only 35_50% of the oral dose is absorbed from the gut in ampicillin.
Why ?!
And justify how we can overcome this problem .
Ampicillin has free NH2 & COOH , forms Zwitterion 👉🏻 difficult solubility in both acidic and alkaline medium.
Overcome by :-
1_ Shifting isoelectric point to the acid side ( introduce OH group in para position of phenyl moiety) = amoxicillin
2_ Form proampicillin
, masking COOH group via ester formation to prevent zwitter ion formation in intestine
( Bacampicillin )
Why ?!
And justify how we can overcome this problem .
Overcome by :-
1_ Shifting isoelectric point to the acid side ( introduce OH group in para position of phenyl moiety) = amoxicillin
2_ Form proampicillin
, masking COOH group via ester formation to prevent zwitter ion formation in intestine
( Bacampicillin )
Quiz 51
14 Nov, 19:34
Is this drug used oral ?
Justify your answer.
Yes , Its used oral .
As EWG ( Isoxazolyl) at acyl side chain in West end product increases acid stability and prevent Intramolecular rearrangement in gastric acid.
نكتب بالاسلوب ال فهمينه ، المهم توضح إجابتك صح
Justify your answer.
As EWG ( Isoxazolyl) at acyl side chain in West end product increases acid stability and prevent Intramolecular rearrangement in gastric acid.
نكتب بالاسلوب ال فهمينه ، المهم توضح إجابتك صح
Quiz 51
14 Nov, 19:32
🌴 Problems of benzyl pencillin:
1️⃣ short acting 👉🏻
( Procaine or Benzathine)
2️⃣ Acid sensitivity 👉🏻
(EWG : phenoxy/X/NH2/Hetero)
لازم مباشرة علي ألفا كربون
3️⃣ bacterial resistance 👉🏻
(Bulky group/B-lactamase inhibitor) لازم مباشرة علي ألفا كربون
4️⃣ Narrow spectrum 👉🏻
Polar group (NH2/SO3H/COOH)
🌴 Ampicillin (low absorption)
الحل :
🔸 Amoxicillin or /🔸prodrug
🌴 Piperacillin & Sultamicillin & Ticarcillin & Ampicillin &Methicillin
(مهمين جدااا)
__•°•^•^√^^
✍🏻 Cephalosporins;
🌴Front side & back side
مهم جدااا لازم نعرفهم كويس
1️⃣ short acting 👉🏻
( Procaine or Benzathine)
2️⃣ Acid sensitivity 👉🏻
(EWG : phenoxy/X/NH2/Hetero)
لازم مباشرة علي ألفا كربون
3️⃣ bacterial resistance 👉🏻
(Bulky group/B-lactamase inhibitor) لازم مباشرة علي ألفا كربون
4️⃣ Narrow spectrum 👉🏻
Polar group (NH2/SO3H/COOH)
🌴 Ampicillin (low absorption)
الحل :
🔸 Amoxicillin or /🔸prodrug
🌴 Piperacillin & Sultamicillin & Ticarcillin & Ampicillin &Methicillin
(مهمين جدااا)
__•°•^•^√^^
✍🏻 Cephalosporins;
🌴Front side & back side
مهم جدااا لازم نعرفهم كويس
Quiz 51
14 Nov, 19:29
1️⃣ Pencillins:
Has structural similarity to acylated D-Ala-D-Ala moiety,
So transpeptidase enzyme mistakes pencillin for it ,
With covalent bond
(Irreversible inhibition of PBPs)
2️⃣ Cephalosporins:
Dihydrothiazine ring (ring expansion ) decreases strain and activity against transpeptidase enzyme,
But can regain ring strain through
1_ double bond (C3=C4)
2_ 3acetoxy methyl group methyl (Good leaving group) which increases activity and facilitates attack with transpeptidase
Has structural similarity to acylated D-Ala-D-Ala moiety,
So transpeptidase enzyme mistakes pencillin for it ,
With covalent bond
(Irreversible inhibition of PBPs)
2️⃣ Cephalosporins:
Dihydrothiazine ring (ring expansion ) decreases strain and activity against transpeptidase enzyme,
But can regain ring strain through
1_ double bond (C3=C4)
2_ 3acetoxy methyl group methyl (Good leaving group) which increases activity and facilitates attack with transpeptidase
Quiz 51
14 Nov, 19:26
💊Pencillins
🩺 High molecular weight amine
( procaine , Benzathine)
👉🏻 long acting
🩺 EWG
(Phenoxy, halide, heterocyclic,NH2)
👉🏻 acid resistant = oral
🩺 Bulky group
(لازم تكون علي ألفا كربون مباشرة )
👉🏻 Bacterial sensitive = B lactamase resistant
🩺 Hydrophilic
( NH2 & SO3H & COOH )
👉🏻 Broad spectrum = act on gr-ve bacteria
{ يَومَ لا يَنفَعُ مالٌ وَلا بَنونَإِلّا مَن أَتَى اللَّهَ بِقَلبٍ سَليمٍ }.
🩺 High molecular weight amine
( procaine , Benzathine)
👉🏻 long acting
🩺 EWG
(Phenoxy, halide, heterocyclic,NH2)
👉🏻 acid resistant = oral
🩺 Bulky group
(لازم تكون علي ألفا كربون مباشرة )
👉🏻 Bacterial sensitive = B lactamase resistant
🩺 Hydrophilic
( NH2 & SO3H & COOH )
👉🏻 Broad spectrum = act on gr-ve bacteria
{ يَومَ لا يَنفَعُ مالٌ وَلا بَنونَإِلّا مَن أَتَى اللَّهَ بِقَلبٍ سَليمٍ }.
Quiz 51
14 Nov, 10:43
17_ How we can management in the allergy of penicillin?
By epinephrine shot
( inject S.C or IM ) And anti histamine
( inject S.C or IM ) And anti histamine
Quiz 51
14 Nov, 10:43
18_ Define what is meant by molecular hyperidization in drug design?!
نتكلم عن chemical combination
( mutual prodrug)
( mutual prodrug)
Quiz 51
14 Nov, 10:43
8_ Is this drug is used oral?
Justify your answer.
Yes , It contain EWG ( Isoxazolyl )
👉🏻 Acid stability 👉🏻 Active orally .
Justify your answer.
Yes , It contain EWG ( Isoxazolyl )
👉🏻 Acid stability 👉🏻 Active orally .
Quiz 51
14 Nov, 10:43
11 _ Is it B lactamase sensitive ?
Justify your answer.
Yes ,
No bulky group at side chain .
نخلي بالنا بيقول Sensitive ولا resistant
Justify your answer.
No bulky group at side chain .
نخلي بالنا بيقول Sensitive ولا resistant
Quiz 51
14 Nov, 10:43
12_ Only 50% of the oral dose from this drug is absorbed . Why ?!
Has NH2 and COOH 👉🏻Forms zwitter ion , which has difficult solubility in acid and alkaline medium.
Quiz 51
14 Nov, 10:43
13 _ Justify the improvement the oral absorption of ampicillin.
مكتب بقي الطريقتين بالتفاصيل قدر الإمكان 🌚
Quiz 51
14 Nov, 10:43
15_ Is Piperacillin can be taken orally ??!
Justify your answer.
No , It can't be taken.( Used IM as sodium salt )
As alpha NH2 not protonated in gastric acidity ( it is amide group not amine group) .
Justify your answer.
As alpha NH2 not protonated in gastric acidity ( it is amide group not amine group) .
Quiz 51
14 Nov, 10:43
14 _ predict the compound from Carbencillin after decarboxylation in acidic medium.
فاهمين أن هيكون benzylpenicillin فنرسمه بس كدا 🙂
Quiz 51
14 Nov, 10:43
16 _ It is B lactamase resistant?
No , It is B lactamase sensitive.
As bulky group not on alpha carbon
As bulky group not on alpha carbon
Quiz 51
13 Nov, 15:44
Mention the role of encircled groups.
1_ Additional groups attached to the phosphorus ( Esterification) 👉🏻
Masking for 2 negative charges of P group to ⬆️ lipophilicity and Facilitate entry of the drug into the infected cell.
2_ 2'-CH3 👉🏻 Cause steric hindrance with nucleoside triphosphate , chain termination
3_ First phosphate group 👉🏻 ⬆️ potency: as enzymatic addition of First P is slow
مهمين جداا
Masking for 2 negative charges of P group to ⬆️ lipophilicity and Facilitate entry of the drug into the infected cell.
2_ 2'-CH3 👉🏻 Cause steric hindrance with nucleoside triphosphate , chain termination
3_ First phosphate group 👉🏻 ⬆️ potency: as enzymatic addition of First P is slow
Quiz 51
13 Nov, 15:44
°•°•°•°•°•°•°•°•°•°•°•°•°•°•°•
HCV NS5B inhibitor 👉🏻
Sofosbuvir
Dasabuvir
HCV NS5A inhibitor 👉🏻
ombitasvir
Elbasvir & Grazoprevir
Ledipasvir
HCV NS3 inhibitor 👉🏻
Paritaprevir
HCV NS 3/4A protease inhibitor👉🏻
Simeprevir
°•°•°•°•°•°•°•°•°•°•°•°•°•°
HCV NS5B inhibitor 👉🏻
Sofosbuvir
Dasabuvir
HCV NS5A inhibitor 👉🏻
ombitasvir
Elbasvir & Grazoprevir
Ledipasvir
HCV NS3 inhibitor 👉🏻
Paritaprevir
HCV NS 3/4A protease inhibitor👉🏻
Simeprevir
°•°•°•°•°•°•°•°•°•°•°•°•°•°
Quiz 51
08 Nov, 21:38
خليك لماح الدكاترة بتزهق من التصحيح وهيكونوا عايزين الميد كله يبقى فى ورقة واحدة بمعنى
اسئلة الShort Note هتكون ذات الاجابات القصيرة بحيث تسهل عليهم التصحيح
أما اسئلة الComplete هتكون جمل صغيرة بردك علشان المكان بحيث مياخدوش أكتر من ورقة واحد وش وضهر مثلا ولسه ع ما تكتب اسمك واسمهم فكدا الورقة مش هتقضى اسئلة طويلة ممكن واحد مثلا او اتنين 🤓
اسئلة الShort Note هتكون ذات الاجابات القصيرة بحيث تسهل عليهم التصحيح
أما اسئلة الComplete هتكون جمل صغيرة بردك علشان المكان بحيث مياخدوش أكتر من ورقة واحد وش وضهر مثلا ولسه ع ما تكتب اسمك واسمهم فكدا الورقة مش هتقضى اسئلة طويلة ممكن واحد مثلا او اتنين 🤓
Quiz 51
08 Nov, 21:36
Authorized Person have approval for the release of the finished product for sale
إن شاء الله جاية
إن شاء الله جاية
Quiz 51
08 Nov, 16:38
المحاضره الاولى:
٤ تعريفات
1-Q.M
2-Q.A
3-GMP
4-Q.C
٤ شورت نوت
1-objetive Q.A
2-consequences of GMP violations
3-industrial benefit GMP
4-clinical benefit GMP
المحاضره التانيه:
٣ شورت نوت مهمه جدا جدا
1-Responsibility of head of production
2-Responsibility of head of Q.C
3-Responsibility of Authorized person.
٤ تعريفات
1-Q.M
2-Q.A
3-GMP
4-Q.C
٤ شورت نوت
1-objetive Q.A
2-consequences of GMP violations
3-industrial benefit GMP
4-clinical benefit GMP
المحاضره التانيه:
٣ شورت نوت مهمه جدا جدا
1-Responsibility of head of production
2-Responsibility of head of Q.C
3-Responsibility of Authorized person.
Quiz 51
06 Nov, 22:51
38 . What are the stages of water accumulation inside the cell? (مهممممم بالترتيب)
1)Cloudy swelling
2)Vascular degeneration
3)Hydropic degeneration
4)Cell member rupture
39. Enumerate Fat stains . (مهم)
1) Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) ➡️
clear vacuoles
2 ) special stains on fresh tissue
Sudan III➡️ Orange
Oil red O ➡️Red
Osmic acid ➡️Black
50 . What is the pathogenesis of necrosis
1)Irreversible mitochondrial dysfunction markedly decreased ATP.
2) Increased level of intracellular Ca activation of many enzymesa as Proteases , Phospholipases and Endonucleases.
51 . Explain why intracellular Ca is harmful to the cell
As Ca activate many enzymesa such as
🔸Phospholipases ( breakage of cell member )
🔸 Endonucleases(DNASE) ( breakage of DNA and nucleus
🔸Proteases (breakage of skeleton of protein)
فى النهاية كل من ال Nucleus و cell member هيختفوا ويتدمروا وهيفضل intact cytoplasm
52 . Fat necrosis may be(traumatic) or (enzymatic) , while
Gangrenous Necrosis may be(dry) or (wet)
56 . Fibrinoid Necrosis usually seen in the walls of blood vessels in(vasculitis) & (malignant hypertension) and in (autoimmune diseases) eg. polyarteritis enodosa ( PAN)
57 . Necrosis is mostly occurs in (end artery ) Organs such as (Kidney, Liver, spleen ...)
أعضاء بيكون ليها شريان بيغذيها لوحدها منفصله فى الأمداد الدموى عن الأعضاء المجاورة لها
60 . Why there is no inflammation zones ( hyperemia) in apoptosis ?
As the cells exposed to enzymes which lead to regular DNA fragmentation and formation of apoptotic bodies which exposed to phagocytosis by macrophages .
باختصار مش هيكون فاضل أى أثر للخلايا فمش هيحصل inflammation
62 . Neoplasia is an example of(Pathological) apoptosis
63 . Surrounding inflammation is (present )in Necrosis and (absent ) in Apoptosis
66 . In fibrinoid necrosis (fibrin-like material ) is formed instead of (collagen)
2)Vascular degeneration
3)Hydropic degeneration
4)Cell member rupture
39. Enumerate Fat stains . (مهم)
clear vacuoles
2 ) special stains on fresh tissue
Sudan III➡️ Orange
Oil red O ➡️Red
Osmic acid ➡️Black
50 . What is the pathogenesis of necrosis
51 . Explain why intracellular Ca is harmful to the cell
🔸Phospholipases ( breakage of cell member )
🔸 Endonucleases(DNASE) ( breakage of DNA and nucleus
🔸Proteases (breakage of skeleton of protein)
فى النهاية كل من ال Nucleus و cell member هيختفوا ويتدمروا وهيفضل intact cytoplasm
52 . Fat necrosis may be
Gangrenous Necrosis may be
56 . Fibrinoid Necrosis usually seen in the walls of blood vessels in
57 . Necrosis is mostly occurs in (
60 . Why there is no inflammation zones ( hyperemia) in apoptosis ?
62 . Neoplasia is an example of
63 . Surrounding inflammation is (
66 . In fibrinoid necrosis (
Quiz 51
31 Oct, 07:26
providers
Quiz 51
31 Oct, 07:26
all populations.
Quiz 51
19 Oct, 21:19
What's the adverse effects which result from intersction between NSAIDs + Warfarin in the patient which suffer from Arthritis and Heart Disease
With NSAID use, the anti-coagular (Blood thinning) effect of warfarin may be enhanced Also , there is increased risk of bleeding in the G Tract
Quiz 51
19 Oct, 21:19
Enumerate:
To improve adherence to medications in elderly you have to
○ Use as few drugs as possible
○ Written instructions
◦ Council patient and family/caregiver
○ Improve communication skills (eg, language)
○ Make medications affordable
○ Memory techniques (eg, calendars)
○ Recognize potential health literacy issues that may cause compliance issues(eg, language issues, dementia)
To improve adherence to medications in elderly you have to
○ Written instructions
◦ Council patient and family/caregiver
○ Improve communication skills (eg, language)
○ Make medications affordable
○ Memory techniques (eg, calendars)
○ Recognize potential health literacy issues that may cause compliance issues(eg, language issues, dementia)
Quiz 51
19 Oct, 21:19
In Packaging and labeling drugs for elderly people
Medicines should be dispensed ineasy-to-open containers that are clearly labelled using large print.
Medicines should be dispensed in
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