Mitra's IAS General Studies

And let me remind you the bitterest truth of this world.which sooner or later you need to experience. Today you might be doing so good but no people will come to you to give a sense of encouragement and appreciation .But remember this that the moment you will start doing low and not so good in your life, people will come to criticise you and not in a good way.This is the reality of this world. Dear the world is very brutal. It will not go in your terms and no one will come to you in your darkest and lowest phase to encourage you but the moment you fail you will find crowds waiting in queue to criticise you.so you need to know this. It's better to build yourself silently in private then indulging with people. It's difficult to digest but this is the truth. So your biggest strength is yourself and I must congratulate you that you have been uplifting yourself for so long.But you need to work upon yourself and do not let the brutal world overpower you.may you get lot of strength from universe in this journey where you everyday silently feel pain.But remember the path to beautiful destinations are always hard and you are made for that .✨✨✨💫💫💫💫✨

Mitra's IAS

🔆 Supreme Court’s Inquiry on Rat-Hole Mining

📍 What Happened
✅ The Supreme Court asked the Union Government in 2019 if rat-hole mining could operate in northeast hills without officials' approval. This came after 15 miners tragically died in a flooded mine in Meghalaya in December 2018.

📍 Background
✅ Despite a ban imposed by the National Green Tribunal (NGT) in 2014, illegal rat-hole mining continued, supported by high demand for coal.
✅ NGT and Supreme Court rulings emphasized the illegal and unscientific nature of mining.

📍 Key Developments
✅ In 2019, the Supreme Court backed the NGT’s conclusion that mining should be regulated and upheld the requirement for owners to contribute to environmental restoration.
✅ The Supreme Court also referenced rat-hole mining as a "primitive method".

📍 Ongoing Action
✅ As of now, Meghalaya is continuing efforts to implement legislation and ensure sustainable mining practices.

#ips #upscprelims2025 #upsc2025 #UPSC

🔆 INDUS-X Initiative

✅ INDUS-X is a defense partnership between India and the U.S., launched in 2023.
✅ Objective: Expand technology partnerships and defense cooperation.
✅ Steering Bodies:
India: iDEX.
U.S.: DIU (Defense Innovation Unit).
✅ Funding: Managed by Defence Innovation Organization (DIO), formed by HAL and BEL.

📍 iDEX: Launched in 2018, aims to foster defense innovation with startups and academia.

#ias #upsc2025 #UPSC #upscprelims2025 #ips

https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/editorial/more-and-better-on-indias-educational-infrastructure/article69159744.ece

📌 To Fix Economy, Boost Consumption

📍 What’s the News?
RBI officials stress boosting consumption to revive economic growth, with private capex still sluggish and government spending reduced.

📌 Key Highlights
✅ Middle-Class Relief: Addressing food inflation and improving disposable incomes are critical to driving demand.
✅ Sticky Inflation: High food prices and their ripple effects need close monitoring.
✅ Bright Spot: Private consumption, led by e-commerce, offers hope despite global uncertainties.

📍 Way Forward
Reviving demand and addressing inflation are vital to ensure economic recovery.

#UPSC #upsc2025 #ias #upscprelims2025

🔆 The article discusses the ongoing dispute between the Governor and the State government in Tamil Nadu and other states regarding the appointment of Vice-Chancellors (VCs) in State universities.
Key Points:
✅Dispute Over UGC Regulations: The core issue is the applicability of UGC regulations on VC appointments, specifically the inclusion of a UGC nominee in the search committee.
✅State Autonomy vs. UGC Authority: State governments argue for autonomy in appointing VCs based on their respective university acts, while the Governor and UGC insist on following UGC regulations.
✅Conflicting Supreme Court Judgments: The situation is further complicated by conflicting Supreme Court judgments on the supremacy of UGC regulations and State university acts.
✅Erosion of State Autonomy: The UGC's increasing control over university appointments is seen as an erosion of state autonomy and federalism.
✅Need for Clarity: The article emphasizes the need for a definitive ruling from the Supreme Court to resolve the constitutional ambiguity and ensure smooth functioning of state universities.
✅Possible UPSC Prelims Question:
What is the primary point of contention in the dispute between the Governor and the State government regarding the appointment of Vice-Chancellors in State universities?
A. The qualifications required for VCs
B. The role of the Chancellor in the appointment process
C. The applicability of UGC regulations in VC appointments
D. The representation of students in the search committee

✅Possible UPSC Mains Question:
Discuss the constitutional and legal issues surrounding the appointment of Vice-Chancellors in State universities in India. Analyze the implications of the ongoing dispute for the autonomy of state universities and the principles of federalism.

#upscprelims2025 #ias #upsc2025 #UPSC

⏳ 105 days only left CSP25[ 25-05-25]
⏳194 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]

⏳ All the best cgpsc prelims 9 feb
⏳ 7 left Mppsc prelims 2025 16 Feb
⏳ 14 DAY JKPSC 23 feb
⏳ 56 day left GPSC prelims 6 April
⏳ 63 DAYS CDS 1 , 13 APRIL
⏳ 66 day left BPSC mains 16 April
⏳120 days left ESE Prelims
⏳140 days left UPPSC mains 29 June
⏳245 days left UPPSC prelims 12 Oct

#UPSC #upsc2025 #ias #upscprelims2025

#UPSC #upsc2025 #ias #upscprelims2025 #ips

Last date for applying for CSE and IFoS 2025 has been extended till 18-02-2025.
Correction window will be active from 19.02.2025 to 25.02.2025.”

🔆 Mains Question

Q. Given the increasing cybersecurity challenges in India, which demand continuous innovation and adaptability, discuss the role of CERT-In in protecting India’s cyberspace. (200 Words)

🔆 Model Answer

📍 Introduction
India faces rapidly evolving cybersecurity challenges, with increasing complexity and frequency of cyberattacks such as ransomware, phishing, identity theft, and state-sponsored intrusions. Addressing these challenges requires continuous innovation and adaptive strategies, where CERT-In (Indian Computer Emergency Response Team) plays a pivotal role in securing the nation’s cyberspace.

📍 Evolving Cybersecurity Threats

Key Threats: Virus dissemination, website defacement, data breaches, and advanced AI-driven attacks.
Facts:
1.In 2023, 83% of Indian organizations reported cybersecurity incidents.
2.State-sponsored cyberattacks surged by 278% (2021–2023).
3.AI-related threats increased weekly cyberattacks by 18% in Q1 2023.

📍 Role of CERT-In

Proactive Functions
✅ Security Guidelines: Issues advisories to prevent threats (e.g., 2023 guidelines for government entities).
✅ Risk Analysis: Identifies vulnerabilities (e.g., flagged Akira ransomware in 2023).
✅ Capacity Building: Conducts training programs (e.g., collaboration with Mastercard India for financial sector resilience).
✅ National Repository: Maintains a central database for cybersecurity data.

Reactive Functions
✅ Incident Response: Offers 24/7 support for cyber threat management.
✅ Incident Recovery: Handled over 1.39 million cases in 2022.
✅ Information Sharing: Coordinates with global CERTs for real-time threat intelligence.
✅ Artifact Analysis: Traces and analyzes malware origins.

📍 Suggestions for Improvement

1.Increase funding for advanced cyber defense technologies.
2.Enhance international cooperation for real-time threat intelligence.
3.Strengthen public-private partnerships to boost cybersecurity resilience.

📍 Conclusion
CERT-In is vital for safeguarding India’s cyberspace, acting as the first line of defense against cyber threats. To address growing challenges, continuous support, innovation, and collaboration are essential to bolster its capabilities further.

#upsc2025 #ias #upscprelims2025

Your level of commitment is directly connected to the aim you have created for yourself.

If the commitment is not proportionate to the goal , obviously we are not on right track.


Problems , challenges , lack of resources , personal issues , relationships fallout - are the common issues of maximum people - but a wise person handles every situation of life and come out of it.
While emotionally unintelligent person keep living in past -  past relationship , past failure and past achievements.

Live in Present to make Future a Present.

#ips #UPSC #upsc2025 #ias #upscprelims2025

🔆 Darien Gap: A Dangerous Migration Route

📍 What is the Darien Gap?
✅ The Darien Gap is a 97-km stretch of dense rainforest, swamps, and mountains, marking the only break in the Pan-American Highway, which otherwise runs from Alaska to Argentina.
✅ Due to its harsh terrain, hot & humid climate, and lack of infrastructure, the region has remained largely impenetrable.
✅ However, it has now become a major migration route, with thousands attempting to cross it to reach North America.

📍 Geographical Features
✅ Location: Border between Panama & Colombia.
✅ Terrain: Steep mountains, muddy swamps, fast-flowing rivers, and dense rainforests.
✅ Climate: Hot, humid, and rainy, with limited food & water resources.

📍 Geo-Political Significance
✅ Migration Crisis: Over 520,000 migrants crossed in 2023, and 300,000+ crossings in early 2024.
✅ ‘Donkey Route’: Migrants from India, Venezuela, Haiti, Pakistan, and others use this path via Panama, Costa Rica, and Guatemala before reaching Mexico.
✅ Criminal Activity: Controlled by smuggling networks, drug cartels, and armed groups who exploit migrants through violence, robbery, and extortion.
✅ Humanitarian Concerns: Reports of sexual assaults, deaths, and disappearances are rising, with overcrowded shelters and severe shortages of food, water, and medical aid.

#upscprelims2025 #ias #upsc2025 #UPSC #ips

https://youtube.com/shorts/q8ragaDF2kY?si=a8swEFf5OE7mZZkc

UPPSC

A lot of fake news about UPPSC has been circulating.
As aspirants, it’s important to stay focused and not get distracted by rumors.

The results will be announced in due time, so concentrate on your preparation. Leave the technical matters to UPPSC—they are fully capable of handling them.

Remember, spreading unverified information can lead to legal trouble. Stay responsible, stay calm, and focus on what truly matters that is. your studies.

Jan 17, 2025, Forenoon, 1st to go
Board - Swain sir
DAF details — Maharashtra, World Cinema, Tabla, Anthropology, IIT, Risk Management Consultant, Sanskrit in school, (rest details not asked - Civil engineering, Basketball, Formula 1)

Chairperson
1. Tell me about your district 
2. Followed up with a brief discussion and passed on to M1

M1
1. Any formal training in tabla? How often do you play?
2. Brief discussion on Zakir Hussain and Shakti band
3. What are the challenges and opportunities of Maharashtra’s industry and agriculture sector?
4. Lessons from the CoVID pandemic management 
5. Migration issue and informal labourers in Maharashtra - how were they affected during pandemic and what could be done?

M2
1. Meaning of my name 
2. Favourite character from the Ramayana and reasons? (follow up on the previous question)
3. What gives you happiness in life?
4. Work ex where? Job profile?
5. What practices from private sector can be brought into bureaucracy?
6. Stem cell therapy uses 
7. SWOT analysis of Steel and cement industry of India and a couple of follow up questions

M3
1. GRAP-III vs GRAP-IV
2. Majorly PM2.5 or PM10 from construction activities?
3. Why is Sanskrit considered a suitable language for computer programming?
4. Should we Sanskrit to Computer science curriculum?
5. Multilingualism in NEP > should we promote it? > North-south divide?

M4
1. Role of technology on human lives 
2. How do you see it anthropologically?
3. Is social media creating a divide in society?
4. Role of IITs in technological development?
5. Launch of FTI-TTP at airports - details about it
6. Single best invention of mankind
7. In which Hollywood movies has Zakir Hussain acted?

Concluded
Cordial board. Mostly DAF-based. 
All the best :) 

⏳126 Only days left CSP25[ 25-05-25]
⏳215 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]

⏳ 14 days RAS prelims (2 feb )
⏳ 21 days cgpsc prelims 9 feb
⏳ 28 left Mppsc prelims 2025 16 Feb
⏳ 77 day left GPSC prelims 6 April
⏳141 days left ESE Prelims

#mitras #mitrasias@mitras_ias_upsc_mentoring #mitrasir

🔆 Mount Etna: Europe's Largest Active Volcano

📍 Location:
✅ Mount Etna is located on the eastern coast of Sicily, Italy, near the city of Catania.

📍 Geological Significance:
✅ It is Europe's largest and most active stratovolcano, with a history of frequent eruptions spanning thousands of years.
✅ Formed at the convergence of the African and Eurasian tectonic plates, it is a prominent feature of the Mediterranean tectonic zone.

📍 Recent Eruption (2025):
✅ On Friday, Mount Etna erupted, spewing lava, ash, and smoke into the sky.
✅ The eruption forced the closure of Catania Airport as ash disrupted airspace and the surrounding areas.

📍 Tourism & Cultural Importance:
✅ Designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, Mount Etna attracts millions of visitors annually for its geological and cultural significance.

📍 Global Connection:
✅ Mount Etna highlights the importance of monitoring active volcanoes worldwide to minimize risks and study Earth's dynamic processes.

#mitrasias@mitras_ias_upsc_mentoring #mitrasir #mitras

🔆 Gangasagar Mela: Ethics and Essay Perspective

📍 Cultural Significance
✅ The Gangasagar Mela, held at the Ganga-Bay of Bengal confluence, reflects India’s spiritual and cultural heritage, with 1.1 crore pilgrims participating in 2025.

📍 Ethics and Governance
✅ Free vessel services by the government highlight inclusive governance and compassion for the underprivileged.
✅ Challenges like data integrity and efficient management raise concerns about accountability.

📍 Environmental Responsibility
✅ Events of this scale emphasize the need for sustainable practices to balance tradition with ecological conservation.

📍 Relevance for UPSC
✅ Use in essays on Faith and Governance, Sustainability vs. Tradition, and Cultural Heritage.
✅ Ethics case studies on inclusivity, accountability, and compassionate governance.

#mitrasir #mitras

https://youtube.com/shorts/AfvjG3VrV7s?si=XLgQ6RKyNGYFxcpJ

India's First Private Satellite Constellation Showcases Talent of Youngsters

Prime Minister Narendra Modi praised the launch of India's first private satellite constellation by Pixxel Space, highlighting the exceptional talent of the country's youth. The Bengaluru-based startup has made history with its Firefly constellation, which includes the world's highest-resolution commercial-grade hyperspectral satellites. These satellites, launched by a SpaceX rocket, can observe the earth in over 150 bands, benefiting sectors like agriculture and defense. Pixxel's achievement underscores the expanding capabilities of India's private sector in the space industry.

#mitras #mitrasias@mitras_ias_upsc_mentoring #mitrasir

India: World’s Fastest-Growing Major Economy

WorldBank forecasts 6.7% growth for India, surpassing global growth of 2.7%

✅The January 2025 edition of the World Bank’s Global Economic Prospects (GEP) report projects India's economy to grow at a steady rate of 6.7% in both FY26 and FY27, significantly outpacing global and regional peers.
✅ The GEP report credits this extraordinary momentum to a thriving services sector and a revitalised manufacturing base, driven by transformative government initiatives
✅ Growth in India’s services sector is expected to remain robust, while manufacturing activity will strengthen, supported by government efforts to improve logistics infrastructure and streamline tax systems


#mitrasir #mitrasias@mitras_ias_upsc_mentoring #mitras

🔆 One Hundred and Fifth Constitutional Amendment Act, 2021

📍 Key Changes:
✅ Articles 338B and 342A: Modified to restore the power of State Governments and Union Territories to identify and specify Socially and Educationally Backward Classes (SEBCs) for their own purposes.
✅ Article 366 (Clause 26C): Substituted to clarify that the President's power to specify SEBCs applies only to the Central List, for the purposes of the Central Government.

📍 Key Provisions:
✅ Restored the autonomy of states and union territories in identifying and specifying SEBCs for reservations and affirmative action at the state level.
✅ Provided clarity that the Central List for SEBCs pertains solely to the Central Government, ensuring state-specific reservations are distinct and independent.

📍 Significance:
✅ Empowered states and union territories to tailor affirmative action measures according to local needs, promoting inclusive development at the regional level.
✅ Strengthened federalism by recognizing state autonomy in defining SEBCs, while maintaining clarity on the scope of the Central List.

The One Hundred and Fifth Constitutional Amendment Act, 2021, reinforced decentralization and state autonomy, enabling more inclusive governance and ensuring social justice for SEBCs across India.

#mitras #mitrasias@mitras_ias_upsc_mentoring #mitrasir

🔆 Kalagram: Cultural Jewel of Mahakumbh 2025

📍 Overview
Kalagram, a 10-acre cultural hub in Prayagraj, was inaugurated on January 12, 2025, to celebrate India’s heritage through Craft, Cuisines, and Culture.

📍 Key Highlights
✅ Sanskriti Aangans: Showcases iconic temples and regional crafts like Tanjore paintings and tribal art.
✅ Anubhuti Mandapam: A 360-degree immersive zone narrating the descent of River Ganga.
✅ Cultural Performances: Features 15,000 daily artists, from Kathak to Bhangra.
✅ Aviral Shashvat Kumbh Zone: Highlights UNESCO-recognized Kumbh Mela legacy.
✅ Satvik Food Zone: Offers 28 varieties of satvik cuisines from across India.

📍 Objective
Bridging India’s heritage, promoting art, history, and spirituality to inspire visitors globally.

#mitrasir #mitrasias@mitras_ias_upsc_mentoring #mitras

⏳127 Only days left CSP25[ 25-05-25]
⏳216 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]

⏳ 15 days RAS prelims (2 feb )
⏳ 22 days cgpsc prelims 9 feb
⏳ 29 days left Mppsc prelims 2025 16 Feb
⏳ 78 day left GPSC prelims 6 April
⏳142 days left ESE Prelims

#mitras #mitrasias@mitras_ias_upsc_mentoring #mitrasir

🔆 Weaving in India

📍 Context : On National Textile Day, a tribute was paid to the rich tradition of Indian weavers, showcasing their significant contributions to India's heritage.

📍 History of Weaving in India

🕉 Indus Valley Civilization (3300–1300 BCE): Evidence of cotton cultivation and textile production, with dyed cotton fragments found in Mohenjo-Daro.
📜 Vedic Period (Rigveda, 1500–500 BCE): Mentions of weavers as "vaya" (male) and "vayitri" (female), highlighting the craft’s early roots.
🏹 Post-Vedic Period: The Mahabharata mentions silk fabrics, while Buddhist texts describe textiles like linen, cotton, and silk, emphasizing the importance of weavers.
👑 Mughal Empire (1526–1857): Flourishing of luxury textiles like brocades, muslins, and velvets through Karkhanas (workshops). Sericulture expanded in Kashmir, as noted in the Tarikh-i-Rashidi.
⚙️ Modern India: The Industrial Revolution led to the decline of Indian textiles due to competition from machine-made products, causing economic losses and the erosion of traditional markets.

📍 State/UT Weaves

🎨 North:
✅Jammu & Kashmir: Kani Weave, Kashmiri Pashmina.
✅Himachal Pradesh: Kullu Shawls.
✅Punjab: Khes Weave.

🎨 Northeast:
✅Assam: Muga Silk, Eri Silk.
✅Nagaland: Chakhesang Shawl.
✅Meghalaya: Eri Weave, Tap-Moh Khlieh.

🎨 West:
✅Gujarat: Patola, Mashru Weave.
✅Rajasthan: Kota Doria, Jaipuri Rajai.
✅Maharashtra: Paithani, Himru Weave.

🎨 South:
✅Tamil Nadu: Kanchipuram, Kandagi.
✅Andhra Pradesh: Venkatagiri, Dharmavaram Handloom.
✅Karnataka: Ilkal, Mysore Silk.

🎨 East:
✅West Bengal: Jamdani, Baluchari.
✅Odisha: Sambalpuri, Bomkai.
✅Bihar: Bhagalpuri Weaving.

#mitrasir #mitrasias@mitras_ias_upsc_mentoring #mitras

https://www.npr.org/2025/01/17/nx-s1-5265095/china-population-declines-economy

✅Great Indian Bustard: It is one of the heaviest flying birds (weighing up to 15kgs). They inhabit dry grasslands and scrublands on the Indian subcontinent.

✅Habitat: It is endemic to the Indian subcontinent. It is found in Rajasthan (Desert National park), Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh in India and parts of Pakistan.

✅Threats: Death by collision with infrastructure, particularly power lines and wind turbines
🔸Depletion of grasslands
🔸hunting

✅Conservation Status
🔸IUCN Red List: Critically Endangered species
✅CITES: Appendix I
✅Wildlife (Protection) Act,1972: Schedule I

#mitras #mitrasias@mitras_ias_upsc_mentoring #mitrasir

https://youtube.com/shorts/UWvRTdA5M3Q?si=LEFwLk1GGzeLFpAY

🔆 Groundwater Revival in India: Securing the Nation’s Water

📍 Progress in Groundwater Management (2017–2024)
✅ Recharge Increase: Groundwater recharge rose by 15 BCM between 2017 and 2024.
✅ Less Extraction: Annual groundwater extraction decreased by 3 BCM in the same period.
✅ Safer Groundwater Zones:
- Safe assessment units increased from 62.6% in 2017 to 73.4% in 2024.
- Over-exploited units reduced from 17.24% to 11.13%.
✅ Role of Conservation Structures:
- Recharge from tanks, ponds, and water control systems rose from 13.98 BCM in 2017 to 25.34 BCM in 2024—an increase of 11.36 BCM.
📍 Challenges in Groundwater Quality
✅ Major Pollutants: Arsenic, fluoride, chloride, uranium, and nitrate pose health risks.
✅ Sources of Contamination:
- Industrial discharge, agricultural runoff, and saline intrusion increase Electrical Conductivity (EC).
- Iron contamination impacts water quality, causing potential health issues.
✅ Positive Trends in Agriculture:
- 81% of groundwater samples are suitable for irrigation.
- 100% of samples from northeastern states are rated "excellent" for agricultural use.
📍 Key Government Initiatives
✅ Jal Shakti Abhiyan (2019): Now in its fifth phase ("Catch the Rain" 2024), this program emphasizes rainwater harvesting and conservation in rural and urban districts.
✅ Atal Bhujal Yojana (2020): Participatory groundwater management in 80 water-stressed districts across 7 states.
✅ Mission Amrit Sarovar (2022): Aims to create or rejuvenate 75 waterbodies per district for rainwater harvesting.
✅ National Aquifer Mapping (NAQUIM): Mapped over 25 lakh sq. km to support groundwater recharge and conservation.
✅ Master Plan for Artificial Recharge (2020): Proposes 1.42 crore rainwater harvesting and recharge structures to harness 185 BCM of rainfall.

📍 Achievements in Groundwater Management
✅ Improvements in 128 groundwater units were noted between 2023 and 2024, reflecting the success of policy initiatives.
✅ Recharge from water bodies like tanks and ponds has consistently increased, demonstrating the effectiveness of local interventions.
📍 The Path Forward
✅ Use advanced technologies like AI and GIS to monitor groundwater quality and optimize conservation efforts.
✅ Strengthen community involvement through programs like MGNREGS, which builds water conservation structures in rural areas.
✅ Promote excellence through the National Water Awards, encouraging innovative water-saving practices.
📍 Conclusion
India’s groundwater revival journey reflects the success of sustainable practices and collaborative efforts. By following the ‘Reduce, Reuse, Recharge, and Recycle’ approach, India is working toward securing its water future and meeting global sustainability goals.

🔆 Key Facts on the Indus Script: Unraveling an Ancient Mystery

📍 Overview of the Writing System:
✅ The Indus Valley Civilization (2600–1900 BCE) developed an advanced writing system primarily seen on seals and pottery.
✅ Over 3,500 artifacts featuring 676 distinct symbols have been discovered, highlighting the complexity of this ancient culture.

📍 Challenges in Decipherment:
✅ No Rosetta Stone: The absence of a bilingual text like the Rosetta Stone has hindered efforts to decode the script.
✅ Short Inscriptions: Most inscriptions average only five characters, providing limited context for interpretation.
✅ Purpose of the Script: Scholars are divided on its function—whether it represents a language or a symbolic system for trade and administration.
✅ Unknown Language: The language behind the script remains uncertain, with theories linking it to Dravidian languages, an unknown linguistic family, or even multiple languages.

📍 Key Scholarly Efforts:
✅ Finnish scholar Asko Parpola has conducted extensive research, exploring links between the Indus script and Dravidian languages.
✅ Modern approaches, including AI-based pattern recognition and computational linguistics, are being applied to analyze the script's structure and meaning.

📍 Importance of Deciphering the Script:
✅ Deciphering the script could unlock valuable insights into the culture, economy, and governance of the Indus Valley Civilization.
✅ It could reveal details about their social structure, belief systems, and linguistic connections to modern South Asia.

📍 Recent Developments:
✅ In 2024, Tamil Nadu Chief Minister M.K. Stalin announced a ₹8 crore (~$1 million) prize for anyone who can successfully decipher the script.
✅ This initiative underscores the global significance of decoding the Indus script and its potential to deepen understanding of India’s historical and linguistic heritage.

🔍 The Path Forward:
✅ The Indus script remains one of the greatest challenges in archaeology and linguistics.
✅ Advances in technology, AI, and interdisciplinary research bring hope that this ancient mystery will one day be solved.

#IndusScript #Ancient_History #GS1 #Archaeology #history

🔆Year End Review – Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation, Ministry of Jal Shakti

✅Over 95% Villages In India Declared ODF Plus (as on 27th December, 2024) and Over 69% Villages in India Declared as ODF Plus Model Under Swachh Bharat Mission – Grameen
✅A remarkable 460% surge in ODF Plus villages, from 1 Lakh villages in December 2022 to over 5.61 Lakh ODF Plus Villages in December 2024

#prelims #mains #Yearreview
#mitra@philosopy_1000combo #mitrasgs

🔆Year End Review 2024: Department of Fisheries (Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying)

✅"Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY) Sets Ambitious Target of 1.12 Million Tonnes of Seaweed Production by 2025"
✅"Digital Revolution in Fisheries: MoU Signed with ONDC to Empower Fishermen with E-Market Platform"
✅"Rs. 1,200 Crore PMMSY and FIDF Projects Launched to Transform India’s Fisheries Infrastructure"
✅"Safety at Sea: Rs. 364 Crore PMMSY Initiative to Provide 1 Lakh Fishing Vessels with Transponders"
✅"Climate Resilient Coastal Fishermen Villages: Rs. 200 Crore Initiative to Strengthen Coastal Communities

#prelims #mains #Yearreview #mitrasgs #mitra@philosopy_1000combo

⏳139 Only days left CSP25[ 25-05-25]
⏳228 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]

⏳ 27 days RAS prelims (2 feb )
⏳ 34 days cgpsc prelims 9 feb
⏳ 41 days left Mppsc prelims 2025 16 Feb
⏳154 days left ESE Prelims

#mitrasir
#mitra@philosopy_1000combo
#mitrasgs

LEADS: Logistics Ease Across Different States.
✅Launched In: 2018.
✅Ministry: Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT), Ministry of Commerce and Industry.
📍Aim:
✅Assess logistics infrastructure and services across states/UTs.
✅Provide actionable insights for logistics reforms.
✅Foster competitive federalism to enhance logistics efficiency.
📍Parameters:
✅Logistics Infrastructure.
✅Logistics Services.
✅Operating and Regulatory Environment.
📍Methodology:
✅Based on over 7,300 responses from a pan-India survey conducted.
✅Includes inputs from 750+ stakeholder consultations and associations

#Government_schemes
#mitrasgs #mitra@philosopy_1000combo #mitrasir

Important things for CSE Interview D-day:

1. e-Summon letter

2. Few passport size photos (3-6) - mandatory 2 photos for interview, (10 for medical)

3. Photo ID card (as mentioned in e summon letter)

4. 10th certificate/marksheet original

5. Graduation degree / provisional degree / 8th sem summary marksheet + rest semester marksheet just for reference purpose - original
(Post grad degree if required)

6. Caste /EWS /PwD certificate

7. One set of self attested documents ( if possible take another spare set also)

8. Affidavit-(In case there is discrepancy- if any, check your mail for the same, upsc must have communicated to you if any undertaking or Affidavits is needed)

9. T.A. bills related stuff if you are claiming it like Flight tickets etc


10. Do not panic if you have missed on some of the documents or if some issue have been raised by the document examiner/UPSC deligate with your documents. Remember this is a preliminary document verification only, you will get ample time for required original documents submission.
Focus more on the essential i.e. the interview.

Mobile phones / bag etc will be duly submitted/placed in safe custody at the UPSC bhawan so don't worry about it. You can keep your diary with you in Circular Hall.


Lastly,

Do bring your 3Cs with you ie CONFIDENCE, CALMNESS AND COMMON SENSE before entering into Dholpur House. It's the last leap in this CSE cycle but not the last of your life. Treat it like that only. Give your best and leave rest to GOD.

#mitras #mitrasir #mitra@philosopy_1000combo #mitrasgs


All the best to all PT candidates❤️

https://m.economictimes.com/news/economy/indicators/rural-poverty-falls-faster-than-urban-sbi-research/articleshow/116925010.cms

🔆 The article discusses the concerning trend of slowing GST receipts and other economic indicators, suggesting a potential slowdown in India's economic growth.
Key Points:
✅Slowing GST Growth
✅Weak Consumption
✅Factory Output Slowdown
✅Impact on Budget Estimates: The slowing GST collection may impact the government's revenue projections and make it difficult to achieve the 11% growth target set in the budget.
✅Regional Variations: Revenue growth from major consumer states like Uttar Pradesh and Gujarat is also slowing down, raising concerns about regional economic disparities.

✅Possible UPSC Prelims Question: What is the primary concern highlighted in the article regarding the Indian economy?
A. Rising inflation
B. Slowing GST revenue growth
C. High unemployment rate
D. Current account deficit
✅Possible UPSC Mains Question: Discuss the factors contributing to the slowdown in economic growth in India. Analyze the impact of slowing GST collections on government revenues and the implications for the upcoming Union Budget.

🔆The article reports on the ongoing hunger strike by farmer leader Jagjit Singh Dallewal and the government's response.
Key Points:
✅Hunger Strike: Farmer leader Dallewal continues his indefinite hunger strike for the 37th day, demanding the government meet his demands.
✅Government's Stance: Agriculture Minister Shivraj Singh Chouhan stated that the government will abide by the Supreme Court's decision on the matter.
✅Farmer Unions' Stand: The Samyukt Kisan Morcha has rejected the government's invitation for discussions and vowed to continue the protest until their demands are met.
✅Key Demands: Farmers are seeking a legal guarantee for the purchase of their crops at Minimum Support Price (MSP) and a farm loan waiver.
😁Delhi March Planned: Farmers' organizations are planning a "Delhi march" in the coming days to press their demands.

✅Possible UPSC Prelims Question: What is the primary demand of the farmers protesting in Punjab and Haryana?
A. Withdrawal of the farm laws
B. Legal guarantee for MSP
C. Compensation for losses due to crop failure
D. Resignation of the Agriculture Minister

✅Possible UPSC Mains Question: Discuss the ongoing farmers' protests in Punjab and Haryana and their implications for agricultural policy in India. Analyze the government's response to the protests and suggest measures to address the concerns of farmers and ensure their economic well-being.

Kashish Bakshi
AIR 54

Opens her heart to UPSC aspirants about technicalities of UPSC preparation.

A must watch.

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