*الاجابه ع تكليف احد المتابعين*👇👇
Hemodialysis:
1. *Definition* :
Hemodialysis is a life-sustaining treatment for patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). It uses a dialyzer, an artificial kidney, to filter and purify the blood by removing waste products, excess fluids, and electrolytes.
2. *Assessment* :
مريض عيدخل ع غسيل كلوي ايش التقييم التمرضي له قبل البداء الغسيل الكلوي وانت كمممرض ايش دورك قبل عمل الغسيل الكلوي؟
اتبع الاتي
A. *Pre-dialysis assessment* :
Medical history: Comorbidities, medications, allergies
Physical examination: Vital signs, weight, edema, vascular access
Laboratory tests: Electrolytes, BUN, creatinine, CBC, coagulation studies
B. *During dialysis* :
_Vital signs: Monitor for hypotension, arrhythmias
_ Access site: Observe for bleeding, infection
_Fluid status: Monitor for overhydration, dehydration
_Dialysis adequacy: Assess Kt/V
C. *Post-dialysis* assessment
_Vital signs: Monitor for hypotension, rebound hypertension
_Fluid status: Assess for overhydration, dehydration
_Residual waste products: Monitor BUN, creatinine
_Patient well-being: Assess fatigue, nausea, muscle cramps
,
3. *Nursing Diagnoses* :
التشخيص التمريضي لمريض الغسيل الكلوي؟
* Fluid Volume Excess related to impaired kidney function
* Risk for Infection related to vascular access and immunosuppression
* Deficient Knowledge related to hemodialysis treatment and self-care
* Fatigue related to anemia and dialysis treatment
* Impaired Skin Integrity related to vascular access site
4. *Goals* :
الهدف من التشخص التمريضي ؟
* Maintain fluid balance: Achieve euvolemia and prevent complications of fluid overload or depletion.
* Prevent infection: Maintain aseptic technique during dialysis and care for vascular access site.
* Improve knowledge: Educate patients about hemodialysis treatment, self-care measures, and potential complications.
* Reduce fatigue: Manage anemia, optimize dialysis parameters, and promote rest and relaxation.
* Maintain skin integrity: Protect vascular access site from injury and infection.
5. Nursing Interventions:
التدخلات التمريضية لمريض الغسيل الكلوي ؟
A. *Fluid management:*
* Monitor fluid intake and output.
* Adjust dialysate composition and ultrafiltration rate as needed.
* Encourage adherence to fluid restrictions.
B. *Infection prevention* :
* Use aseptic technique during dialysis.
* Perform meticulous care of vascular access site.
* Monitor for signs and symptoms of infection.
C. *Patient education* :
* Provide education on hemodialysis treatment, self-care measures, and potential complications.
* Encourage patients to ask questions and participate in their care.
D. *Fatigue management* :
_ Manage anemia with erythropoietin therapy.
_Optimize dialysis parameters to minimize fatigue.
_Promote rest and relaxation before and after dialysis.
E. *Skin integrity* maintenance:
_ Protect vascular access site from injury and infection.
_Provide skin care and monitor for signs of breakdown.
*بعض الامثله للتدخلات التمرضيه للغسيل الكلوي* ؟
Examples of Nursing Interventions:
1. Weigh the patient before and after each dialysis session to monitor fluid status.
2. Administer medications as prescribed, including antibiotics for infection prophylaxis.
3. Teach the patient how to care for their vascular access site at home.
4. Encourage the patient to eat a healthy diet and take iron supplements to manage anemia.
5. Help the patient identify and manage symptoms of fatigue, such as by taking naps and pacing activities.
*رابط القناة للانضمام*
*مهارات التمريض العام*
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