Computer Quiz Notes PDF

🖥 Computer Abbreviations (A) 🖥
=========================

🔸 ACE➖Access Control Entry

🔸 ADSL➖Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line

🔸 AGP➖Accelerated Graphics Port

🔸 AI➖Artificial Intelligence

🔸 ALGOL➖Algorithmic Language

🔸 ALU➖Arithmetic Logic Unit

🔸 ANSI➖American National Standards Institute

🔸 API➖Application Program Interface

🔸 ARPANET➖Advanced Research Projects Agency Network

🔸 ASCII➖American Standard Code For Information Interchange

🔸 ASP➖Active Server Pages

🔸 AUI➖Attachment Unit Interface

🔸 AVI➖Audio Video Interleave

💾 मेमोरी की यूनिट्स 💾
➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖

1⃣: 1Bit (b) = Binary digit(0,1)

2⃣: 4 Bit = 1 Nibble

3⃣: 8 Bit = 1 Byte (B)

4⃣: 8 Bit/1 Byte = 1 Octet(o)

5⃣: 1024 Bytes = 1 kilo byte (KB)

6⃣: 1024 KB = 1 Mega byte (MB)

7⃣: 1024 MB = 1 Giga byte (GB)

8⃣: 1024 GB = 1 Terra byte (TB)

9⃣: 1024 TB = 1 Peta byte (PB)

🔟: 1024 PB = 1 Exa byte (EB)

1⃣1⃣: 1024 EB = 1 Zetta byte (ZB)

1⃣2⃣: 1024 ZB = 1 Yotta byte (YB)

1⃣3⃣: 1024 YB = 1 Bronto byte

1⃣4⃣: 1024 Brontobyte = 1 Geop byte

Geop byte is the highest memory.

THESE ARE THE MEANING OF THE FOLLOWING ABBREVIATIONS.
___________________________

1.) GOOGLE - Global Organization Of Oriented Group Language Of Earth.
2.) YAHOO - Yet Another Hierarchical Officious Oracle.
3.) WINDOW - Wide Interactive Network Development for Office work Solution.
4.) COMPUTER - Common Oriented Machine Particularly United and used under Technical and Educational Research.
5.) VIRUS - Vital Information Resources Under Siege.
6.) UMTS - Universal Mobile Telecommunicati ons System.
7.) AMOLED - Active-matrix organic light-emitting diode.
8.) OLED - Organic light-emitting diode.
9.) IMEI - International Mobile Equipment Identity.
10.) ESN - Electronic Serial Number.
11.) UPS - Uninterruptible power supply.
12. HDMI - High-Definition Multimedia Interface.
13.) VPN - Virtual private network.
14.) APN - Access Point Name.
15.) SIM - Subscriber Identity Module.
16.) LED - Light emitting diode.
17.) DLNA - Digital Living Network Alliance.
18.) RAM - Random access memory.
19.) ROM - Read only memory.
20.) VGA - Video Graphics Array.
21.) QVGA - Quarter Video Graphics Array.
22.) WVGA - Wide video graphics array.
23.) WXGA - Widescreen Extended Graphics Array.
24.) USB - Universal serial Bus.
25.) WLAN - Wireless Local Area Network.
26.) PPI - Pixels Per Inch.
27.) LCD - Liquid Crystal Display.
28.) HSDPA - High speed down-link packet access.
29.) HSUPA - High-Speed Uplink Packet Access.
30.) HSPA - High Speed Packet Access.
31.) GPRS - General Packet Radio Service.
32.) EDGE - Enhanced Data Rates for Globa Evolution.
33.) NFC - Near field communication.
34.) OTG - On-the-go.
35.) S-LCD - Super Liquid Crystal Display.
36.) O.S - Operating system.
37.) SNS - Social network service.
38.) H.S - HOTSPOT.
39.) P.O.I - Point of interest.
40.) GPS - Global Positioning System.
41.) DVD - Digital Video Disk.
42.) DTP - Desk top publishing.
43.) DNSE - Digital natural sound engine.
44.) OVI - Ohio Video Intranet.
45.) CDMA - Code Division Multiple Access.
46.) WCDMA - Wide-band Code Division Multiple Access.
47.) GSM - Global System for Mobile Communications.
48.) WI-FI - Wireless Fidelity.
49.) DIVX - Digital internet video access.
50.) APK - Authenticated public key.
51.) J2ME - Java 2 micro edition.
52.) SIS - Installation
53.) DELL - Digital electronic link library.
54.) ACER - Acquisition Collaboration Experimentation Reflection.
55.) RSS - Really simple syndication.
56.) TFT - Thin film
57.) AMR- Adaptive Multi-Rate.
58.) MPEG - moving pictures experts group.
59.) IVRS - Interactive Voice Response System.
60.) HP - Hewlett
Packard.

✅ QUICK FACT COMPUTER : ONE LINER

1. Father of Computer - CHARLES BABBAGE
2. Father of Modern Computer Science - ALAN TURING
3. First Un Programmable Digital Computer - ATANASOFF BERRY COMPUTER (ABC)
4. First Electronic Digital Computer - ENIAC
5. ENIVAC stands for - ELECTRONIC NUMERIC INTEGRATOR AND CALCULATOR
6. World'S Fastest Computer - Sunway TaihuLight, in China.
7. India's Fastest Computer - PARAM SIDDHI AI
8. PARAM SIDDHI AI developed by - Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (CDAC)

💻 GENERATIONS OF COMPUTERS :

1. First Generation - (1940-56) - Vacuum tubes - Batch processing OS
2. Second Generation - (1956-63) - Transistors - Multi bag / Time sharing OS
3. Third Generation - (1964-71) - Integrated Circuits - Timesharing/ Real time OS
4. Fourth Generation - (1971-80) - Microprocessors - Real time/ Multi programming OS
5. Fifth Generation - (1980- present) - Semi conductors - Real time/ Multi programming OS

🕹 GENERATION LANGUAGE :

1st - Machine and Assembly language
2nd - Assembly language and high level languages (FORTRAN , COBOL)
3rd - High level languages (FORTRAN II - IV , COBOL , PASCAL , BASIC, ALGOL68)
4th - High level languages(FORTAN 77 , PASCAL , COBOL)
5th - High level languages(C , C++ ,JAVA , .NET)

✅ QUICK FACT COMPUTER : ONE LINER

1. Father of Computer - CHARLES BABBAGE
2. Father of Modern Computer Science - ALAN TURING
3. First Un Programmable Digital Computer - ATANASOFF BERRY COMPUTER (ABC)
4. First Electronic Digital Computer - ENIAC
5. ENIVAC stands for - ELECTRONIC NUMERIC INTEGRATOR AND CALCULATOR
6. World'S Fastest Computer - Sunway TaihuLight, in China.
7. India's Fastest Computer - PARAM SIDDHI AI
8. PARAM SIDDHI AI developed by - Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (CDAC)

💻 GENERATIONS OF COMPUTERS :

1. First Generation - (1940-56) - Vacuum tubes - Batch processing OS
2. Second Generation - (1956-63) - Transistors - Multi bag / Time sharing OS
3. Third Generation - (1964-71) - Integrated Circuits - Timesharing/ Real time OS
4. Fourth Generation - (1971-80) - Microprocessors - Real time/ Multi programming OS
5. Fifth Generation - (1980- present) - Semi conductors - Real time/ Multi programming OS

🕹 GENERATION LANGUAGE :

1st - Machine and Assembly language
2nd - Assembly language and high level languages (FORTRAN , COBOL)
3rd - High level languages (FORTRAN II - IV , COBOL , PASCAL , BASIC, ALGOL68)
4th - High level languages(FORTAN 77 , PASCAL , COBOL)
5th - High level languages(C , C++ ,JAVA , .NET)

Complete List of MS Excel Shortcut Key

Ctrl+A - Select All
Ctrl+B - Bold
Ctrl+C - Copy
Ctrl+D - Fill Down
Ctrl+F - Find
Ctrl+G - Goto
Ctrl+H - Replace
Ctrl+I - Italic
Ctrl+K - Insert Hyperlink
Ctrl+N - New Workbook
Ctrl+O - Open
Ctrl+P - Print
Ctrl+R - Fill Right
Ctrl+S - Save
Ctrl+U - Underline
Ctrl+V - Paste
Ctrl W - Close
Ctrl+X - Cut
Ctrl+Y - Repeat
Ctrl+Z - Undo
F1 - Help
F2 - Edit
F3 - Paste Name
F4 - Repeat last action
F4 - While typing a formula, switch between absolute/relative refs
F5 - Goto
F6 - Next Pane
F7 - Spell check
F8 - Extend mode
F9 - Recalculate all workbooks
F10 - Activate Menubar
F11 - New Chart
F12 - Save As
Ctrl+: - Insert Current Time
Ctrl+; - Insert Current Date
Ctrl+" - Copy Value from Cell Above
Ctrl+’ - Copy Formula from Cell Above
Shift - Hold down shift for additional functions in Excel’s menu
Shift+F1 - What’s This?
Shift+F2 - Edit cell comment
Shift+F3 - Paste function into formula
Shift+F4 - Find Next
Shift+F5 - Find
Shift+F6 - Previous Pane
Shift+F8 - Add to selection
Shift+F9 - Calculate active worksheet
Shift+F10 - Display shortcut menu
Shift+F11 - New worksheet
Shift+F12 - Save
Ctrl+F3 - Define name
Ctrl+F4 - Close
Ctrl+F5 - XL, Restore window size
Ctrl+F6 - Next workbook window
Shift+Ctrl+F6 - Previous workbook window
Ctrl+F7 - Move window
Ctrl+F8 - Resize window
Ctrl+F9 - Minimize workbook
Ctrl+F10 - Maximize or restore window
Ctrl+F11 - Inset 4.0 Macro sheet
Ctrl+F1 - File Open
Alt+F1 - Insert Chart
Alt+F2 - Save As
Alt+F4 - Exit
Alt+F8 - Macro dialog box
Alt+F11 - Visual Basic Editor
Ctrl+Shift+F3 - Create name by using names of row and column labels
Ctrl+Shift+F6 - Previous Window
Ctrl+Shift+F12 - Print
Alt+Shift+F1 - New worksheet
Alt+Shift+F2 - Save
Alt+= - AutoSum
Ctrl+` - Toggle Value/Formula display
Ctrl+Shift+A - Insert argument names into formula
Alt+Down arrow - Display AutoComplete list
Alt+’ - Format Style dialog box
Ctrl+Shift+~ - General format
Ctrl+Shift+! - Comma format
Ctrl+Shift+@ - Time format
Ctrl+Shift+# - Date format
Ctrl+Shift+$ - Currency format
Ctrl+Shift+% - Percent format
Ctrl+Shift+^ - Exponential format
Ctrl+Shift+& - Place outline border around selected cells
Ctrl+Shift+_ - Remove outline border
Ctrl+Shift+* - Select current region
Ctrl++ - Insert
Ctrl+- - Delete
Ctrl+1 - Format cells dialog box
Ctrl+2 - Bold
Ctrl+3 - Italic
Ctrl+4 - Underline
Ctrl+5 - Strikethrough
Ctrl+6 - Show/Hide objects
Ctrl+7 - Show/Hide Standard toolbar
Ctrl+8 - Toggle Outline symbols
Ctrl+9 - Hide rows
Ctrl+0 - Hide columns
Ctrl+Shift+( - Unhide rows
Ctrl+Shift+) - Unhide columns
Alt or F10 - Activate the menu
Ctrl+Tab - In toolbar: next toolbar
Shift+Ctrl+Tab - In toolbar: previous toolbar
Ctrl+Tab - In a workbook: activate next workbook
Shift+Ctrl+Tab - In a workbook: activate previous workbook
Tab - Next tool
Shift+Tab - Previous tool
Enter - Do the command
Shift+Ctrl+F - Font Drop Down List
Shift+Ctrl+F+F - Font tab of Format Cell Dialog box
Shift+Ctrl+P - Point size Drop Down List

🖥Five types of computers:-

-1.Supercomputer - Supercomputers are designed such that they can process a huge amount of data, like processing trillions of instructions or data just in a second. This is because of the thousands of interconnected processors in supercomputers. It is basically used in scientific and engineering applications such as weather forecasting, scientific simulations,
and nuclear energy research. It was first developed by Roger Cray in 1976.

- 2.Mainframe computer - Mainframe computers are designed in such a way that it can support hundreds or thousands of users at the same time. It also supports multiple programs simultaneously. So, they can execute different processes simultaneously.

- 3.Minicomputer - Minicomputer is a medium size multiprocessing computer. In this type of computer, there are two or more processors, and it supports 4 to 200 users at one time. Minicomputers are used in places like institutes or departments for different work like billing, accounting, inventory management etc.

-4.Workstation - Workstation is designed for technical or scientific applications. It consists of a fast microprocessor, with a large amount of RAM and high speed graphic adapter. It is a single-user computer. It generally used to perform a specific task with great accuracy.

- 5. PC (Personal Computer) - It is also known as a microcomputer. It is basically a general- purpose computer and designed for individual use. It consists of a microprocessor as a central processing unit(CPU), memory, input unit, and output unit. This kind of computer is suitable for personal work such as making an assignment, watching a movie, or at office for office work, etc. For example, Laptops and desktop computers.

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THESE ARE THE MEANING OF THE FOLLOWING ABBREVIATIONS.
___________________________

1.) GOOGLE - Global Organization Of Oriented Group Language Of Earth.
2.) YAHOO - Yet Another Hierarchical Officious Oracle.
3.) WINDOW - Wide Interactive Network Development for Office work Solution.
4.) COMPUTER - Common Oriented Machine Particularly United and used under Technical and Educational Research.
5.) VIRUS - Vital Information Resources Under Siege.
6.) UMTS - Universal Mobile Telecommunicati ons System.
7.) AMOLED - Active-matrix organic light-emitting diode.
8.) OLED - Organic light-emitting diode.
9.) IMEI - International Mobile Equipment Identity.
10.) ESN - Electronic Serial Number.
11.) UPS - Uninterruptible power supply.
12. HDMI - High-Definition Multimedia Interface.
13.) VPN - Virtual private network.
14.) APN - Access Point Name.
15.) SIM - Subscriber Identity Module.
16.) LED - Light emitting diode.
17.) DLNA - Digital Living Network Alliance.
18.) RAM - Random access memory.
19.) ROM - Read only memory.
20.) VGA - Video Graphics Array.
21.) QVGA - Quarter Video Graphics Array.
22.) WVGA - Wide video graphics array.
23.) WXGA - Widescreen Extended Graphics Array.
24.) USB - Universal serial Bus.
25.) WLAN - Wireless Local Area Network.
26.) PPI - Pixels Per Inch.
27.) LCD - Liquid Crystal Display.
28.) HSDPA - High speed down-link packet access.
29.) HSUPA - High-Speed Uplink Packet Access.
30.) HSPA - High Speed Packet Access.
31.) GPRS - General Packet Radio Service.
32.) EDGE - Enhanced Data Rates for Globa Evolution.
33.) NFC - Near field communication.
34.) OTG - On-the-go.
35.) S-LCD - Super Liquid Crystal Display.
36.) O.S - Operating system.
37.) SNS - Social network service.
38.) H.S - HOTSPOT.
39.) P.O.I - Point of interest.
40.) GPS - Global Positioning System.
41.) DVD - Digital Video Disk.
42.) DTP - Desk top publishing.
43.) DNSE - Digital natural sound engine.
44.) OVI - Ohio Video Intranet.
45.) CDMA - Code Division Multiple Access.
46.) WCDMA - Wide-band Code Division Multiple Access.
47.) GSM - Global System for Mobile Communications.
48.) WI-FI - Wireless Fidelity.
49.) DIVX - Digital internet video access.
50.) APK - Authenticated public key.
51.) J2ME - Java 2 micro edition.
52.) SIS - Installation
53.) DELL - Digital electronic link library.
54.) ACER - Acquisition Collaboration Experimentation Reflection.
55.) RSS - Really simple syndication.
56.) TFT - Thin film
57.) AMR- Adaptive Multi-Rate.
58.) MPEG - moving pictures experts group.
59.) IVRS - Interactive Voice Response System.
60.) HP - Hewlett
Packard.

💾 मेमोरी की यूनिट्स 💾
➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖

1⃣: 1Bit (b) = Binary digit(0,1)

2⃣: 4 Bit = 1 Nibble

3⃣: 8 Bit = 1 Byte (B)

4⃣: 8 Bit/1 Byte = 1 Octet(o)

5⃣: 1024 Bytes = 1 kilo byte (KB)

6⃣: 1024 KB = 1 Mega byte (MB)

7⃣: 1024 MB = 1 Giga byte (GB)

8⃣: 1024 GB = 1 Terra byte (TB)

9⃣: 1024 TB = 1 Peta byte (PB)

🔟: 1024 PB = 1 Exa byte (EB)

1⃣1⃣: 1024 EB = 1 Zetta byte (ZB)

1⃣2⃣: 1024 ZB = 1 Yotta byte (YB)

1⃣3⃣: 1024 YB = 1 Bronto byte

1⃣4⃣: 1024 Brontobyte = 1 Geop byte

Geop byte is the highest memory.

Computer General Knowledge

1. सेविंग की प्रक्रिया है – मेमोरी से स्टोरेज माध्यम तक दस्तावेज कॉपी करना

2. डाइरेक्टरी के अंदर की डाइरेक्टरी को कहा जाता है – सब डाइरेक्टरी

3. C.A.D. का तात्पर्य है – कंप्यूटर एडेड डिजाइन

4. ओरेकल है – डाटाबेस सॉफ्टवेयर

5. असेम्बलर का कार्य है – असेम्बली भाषा को यंत्र भाषा में परिवर्तित करना

6. भारत में सर्वप्रथम दिखाई देने वाला कंप्यूटर वाइरस है – सी-ब्रेन

7. उस नेटवर्क टोपोलॉजी का क्या नाम है, जिसमें प्रत्येक संभावित नोड में द्विदिशीय कड़ियां हैं? – मेश

8. वह बिंदु जिस पर डाटा कंप्यूटर में प्रवेश करता है या निकलता है – टर्मिनल

9. विश्व का प्रथम कंप्यूटर नेटवर्क माना जाता है – ARPANET

10. लिनक्स एक उदाहरण है – ओपन सोर्स सॉफ्टवेयर का

11. पहले से चल रहे कंप्यूटर को रीस्टार्ट करना कहलाता है – रीबूटिंग

12. सॉफ्टवेयर कोड में त्रुटियां ढूंढ़ने की प्रक्रिया को कहा जाता है – डीबगिंग

13. सीपीयू का वह भाग जो अन्य सभी कंप्यूटर कंपोनेन्टस की गतिविधियों को कोआर्डिनेट करता है –कंट्रोल यूनिट

14. कंप्यूटर में जाने वाले डेटा को कहते हैं – इनपुट

15. कंप्यूटर में डेटा किसे कहा जाता है? – चिन्ह व संख्यात्मक सूचना को

16. A.L.U. का पूरा नाम होता है – Arithmetic Logical Unit

17. कंप्यूटर का नियंत्रक भाग कहलाता है – सी. पी.यू.

18. कंप्यूटर के सभी भागों के बीच सामंजस्य स्थापित करता है – कंट्रोल यूनिट

19. माइक्रोप्रोसेसर जो कंप्यूटर का मस्तिष्क होता है, उसे कहा जाता है – माइक्रोचिप

20. ALU परिचालन संपन्न करता है – अर्थमैटिक

Complete List of MS Excel Shortcut Key

Ctrl+A - Select All
Ctrl+B - Bold
Ctrl+C - Copy
Ctrl+D - Fill Down
Ctrl+F - Find
Ctrl+G - Goto
Ctrl+H - Replace
Ctrl+I - Italic
Ctrl+K - Insert Hyperlink
Ctrl+N - New Workbook
Ctrl+O - Open
Ctrl+P - Print
Ctrl+R - Fill Right
Ctrl+S - Save
Ctrl+U - Underline
Ctrl+V - Paste
Ctrl W - Close
Ctrl+X - Cut
Ctrl+Y - Repeat
Ctrl+Z - Undo
F1 - Help
F2 - Edit
F3 - Paste Name
F4 - Repeat last action
F4 - While typing a formula, switch between absolute/relative refs
F5 - Goto
F6 - Next Pane
F7 - Spell check
F8 - Extend mode
F9 - Recalculate all workbooks
F10 - Activate Menubar
F11 - New Chart
F12 - Save As
Ctrl+: - Insert Current Time
Ctrl+; - Insert Current Date
Ctrl+" - Copy Value from Cell Above
Ctrl+’ - Copy Formula from Cell Above
Shift - Hold down shift for additional functions in Excel’s menu
Shift+F1 - What’s This?
Shift+F2 - Edit cell comment
Shift+F3 - Paste function into formula
Shift+F4 - Find Next
Shift+F5 - Find
Shift+F6 - Previous Pane
Shift+F8 - Add to selection
Shift+F9 - Calculate active worksheet
Shift+F10 - Display shortcut menu
Shift+F11 - New worksheet
Shift+F12 - Save
Ctrl+F3 - Define name
Ctrl+F4 - Close
Ctrl+F5 - XL, Restore window size
Ctrl+F6 - Next workbook window
Shift+Ctrl+F6 - Previous workbook window
Ctrl+F7 - Move window
Ctrl+F8 - Resize window
Ctrl+F9 - Minimize workbook
Ctrl+F10 - Maximize or restore window
Ctrl+F11 - Inset 4.0 Macro sheet
Ctrl+F1 - File Open
Alt+F1 - Insert Chart
Alt+F2 - Save As
Alt+F4 - Exit
Alt+F8 - Macro dialog box
Alt+F11 - Visual Basic Editor
Ctrl+Shift+F3 - Create name by using names of row and column labels
Ctrl+Shift+F6 - Previous Window
Ctrl+Shift+F12 - Print
Alt+Shift+F1 - New worksheet
Alt+Shift+F2 - Save
Alt+= - AutoSum
Ctrl+` - Toggle Value/Formula display
Ctrl+Shift+A - Insert argument names into formula
Alt+Down arrow - Display AutoComplete list
Alt+’ - Format Style dialog box
Ctrl+Shift+~ - General format
Ctrl+Shift+! - Comma format
Ctrl+Shift+@ - Time format
Ctrl+Shift+# - Date format
Ctrl+Shift+$ - Currency format
Ctrl+Shift+% - Percent format
Ctrl+Shift+^ - Exponential format
Ctrl+Shift+& - Place outline border around selected cells
Ctrl+Shift+_ - Remove outline border
Ctrl+Shift+* - Select current region
Ctrl++ - Insert
Ctrl+- - Delete
Ctrl+1 - Format cells dialog box
Ctrl+2 - Bold
Ctrl+3 - Italic
Ctrl+4 - Underline
Ctrl+5 - Strikethrough
Ctrl+6 - Show/Hide objects
Ctrl+7 - Show/Hide Standard toolbar
Ctrl+8 - Toggle Outline symbols
Ctrl+9 - Hide rows
Ctrl+0 - Hide columns
Ctrl+Shift+( - Unhide rows
Ctrl+Shift+) - Unhide columns
Alt or F10 - Activate the menu
Ctrl+Tab - In toolbar: next toolbar
Shift+Ctrl+Tab - In toolbar: previous toolbar
Ctrl+Tab - In a workbook: activate next workbook
Shift+Ctrl+Tab - In a workbook: activate previous workbook
Tab - Next tool
Shift+Tab - Previous tool
Enter - Do the command
Shift+Ctrl+F - Font Drop Down List
Shift+Ctrl+F+F - Font tab of Format Cell Dialog box
Shift+Ctrl+P - Point size Drop Down List

💾 मेमोरी की यूनिट्स 💾
➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖

1⃣: 1Bit (b) = Binary digit(0,1)

2⃣: 4 Bit = 1 Nibble

3⃣: 8 Bit = 1 Byte (B)

4⃣: 8 Bit/1 Byte = 1 Octet(o)

5⃣: 1024 Bytes = 1 kilo byte (KB)

6⃣: 1024 KB = 1 Mega byte (MB)

7⃣: 1024 MB = 1 Giga byte (GB)

8⃣: 1024 GB = 1 Terra byte (TB)

9⃣: 1024 TB = 1 Peta byte (PB)

🔟: 1024 PB = 1 Exa byte (EB)

1⃣1⃣: 1024 EB = 1 Zetta byte (ZB)

1⃣2⃣: 1024 ZB = 1 Yotta byte (YB)

1⃣3⃣: 1024 YB = 1 Bronto byte

1⃣4⃣: 1024 Brontobyte = 1 Geop byte

Geop byte is the highest memory.

Complete List of MS Excel Shortcut Key

Ctrl+A - Select All
Ctrl+B - Bold
Ctrl+C - Copy
Ctrl+D - Fill Down
Ctrl+F - Find
Ctrl+G - Goto
Ctrl+H - Replace
Ctrl+I - Italic
Ctrl+K - Insert Hyperlink
Ctrl+N - New Workbook
Ctrl+O - Open
Ctrl+P - Print
Ctrl+R - Fill Right
Ctrl+S - Save
Ctrl+U - Underline
Ctrl+V - Paste
Ctrl W - Close
Ctrl+X - Cut
Ctrl+Y - Repeat
Ctrl+Z - Undo
F1 - Help
F2 - Edit
F3 - Paste Name
F4 - Repeat last action
F4 - While typing a formula, switch between absolute/relative refs
F5 - Goto
F6 - Next Pane
F7 - Spell check
F8 - Extend mode
F9 - Recalculate all workbooks
F10 - Activate Menubar
F11 - New Chart
F12 - Save As
Ctrl+: - Insert Current Time
Ctrl+; - Insert Current Date
Ctrl+" - Copy Value from Cell Above
Ctrl+’ - Copy Formula from Cell Above
Shift - Hold down shift for additional functions in Excel’s menu
Shift+F1 - What’s This?
Shift+F2 - Edit cell comment
Shift+F3 - Paste function into formula
Shift+F4 - Find Next
Shift+F5 - Find
Shift+F6 - Previous Pane
Shift+F8 - Add to selection
Shift+F9 - Calculate active worksheet
Shift+F10 - Display shortcut menu
Shift+F11 - New worksheet
Shift+F12 - Save
Ctrl+F3 - Define name
Ctrl+F4 - Close
Ctrl+F5 - XL, Restore window size
Ctrl+F6 - Next workbook window
Shift+Ctrl+F6 - Previous workbook window
Ctrl+F7 - Move window
Ctrl+F8 - Resize window
Ctrl+F9 - Minimize workbook
Ctrl+F10 - Maximize or restore window
Ctrl+F11 - Inset 4.0 Macro sheet
Ctrl+F1 - File Open
Alt+F1 - Insert Chart
Alt+F2 - Save As
Alt+F4 - Exit
Alt+F8 - Macro dialog box
Alt+F11 - Visual Basic Editor
Ctrl+Shift+F3 - Create name by using names of row and column labels
Ctrl+Shift+F6 - Previous Window
Ctrl+Shift+F12 - Print
Alt+Shift+F1 - New worksheet
Alt+Shift+F2 - Save
Alt+= - AutoSum
Ctrl+` - Toggle Value/Formula display
Ctrl+Shift+A - Insert argument names into formula
Alt+Down arrow - Display AutoComplete list
Alt+’ - Format Style dialog box
Ctrl+Shift+~ - General format
Ctrl+Shift+! - Comma format
Ctrl+Shift+@ - Time format
Ctrl+Shift+# - Date format
Ctrl+Shift+$ - Currency format
Ctrl+Shift+% - Percent format
Ctrl+Shift+^ - Exponential format
Ctrl+Shift+& - Place outline border around selected cells
Ctrl+Shift+_ - Remove outline border
Ctrl+Shift+* - Select current region
Ctrl++ - Insert
Ctrl+- - Delete
Ctrl+1 - Format cells dialog box
Ctrl+2 - Bold
Ctrl+3 - Italic
Ctrl+4 - Underline
Ctrl+5 - Strikethrough
Ctrl+6 - Show/Hide objects
Ctrl+7 - Show/Hide Standard toolbar
Ctrl+8 - Toggle Outline symbols
Ctrl+9 - Hide rows
Ctrl+0 - Hide columns
Ctrl+Shift+( - Unhide rows
Ctrl+Shift+) - Unhide columns
Alt or F10 - Activate the menu
Ctrl+Tab - In toolbar: next toolbar
Shift+Ctrl+Tab - In toolbar: previous toolbar
Ctrl+Tab - In a workbook: activate next workbook
Shift+Ctrl+Tab - In a workbook: activate previous workbook
Tab - Next tool
Shift+Tab - Previous tool
Enter - Do the command
Shift+Ctrl+F - Font Drop Down List
Shift+Ctrl+F+F - Font tab of Format Cell Dialog box
Shift+Ctrl+P - Point size Drop Down List

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🌺 Full Forms of Computer Abbreviations 

☞ ABC : Tans off – Berry computer

☞ A/D : Analog to digital

☞ GP : Graphics port

☞ AI : Artificial intelligence

☞ ALGOL : Algorithmic Language

☞ ALU : Arithmetic Logic Unit

☞ AM : Amplitude Modulation

☞ AMD : Advanced Micro Devices

☞ ANSI : American National standards Institute

☞ ARPNET : Advanced Research Project Agency Network

☞ ASIC : Application specific Integration circuit

☞ ASCII : Americna Standard code for Information Interchange

☞ ATM : Asynchronous Transfer Mode/Automatic Teller Machine

☞ BARC : Bhabha Atomic Research centre

☞ Basic : Beginners‟ All – Purpose symbolic In-suction code

☞ BCD : Binary coded Decimal

☞ BEMA : Business Equipment Manufactures association

☞ BIOS : Basic Input Output system

☞ BCR : Bar code Reader

☞ BPI : Bytes per Inch

☞ BPS : Bits Per Second

☞ BSNL : Bhrat Snchar Nigm Limited

☞ CAD : Computer Aided Design

☞ CAL : Computer Aided Leering

☞ CAM : Computer Aided Manufacturing

☞ CD : Compact Disk

☞ C-DAC : Centre for Development of Advanced computing

☞ C-DOT : Centre for Development of Telemetric

☞ CD-R : Compact Disk-Recordable

☞ CD-ROM : Compact Disk-Read only Memory

☞ CD-R/W : Compact Disk-Read/Write

☞ Class : Computer Literacy and Studies in school

☞ CMOS : Complementary Metal oxide semiconductor

☞ COBOL : Common business oriented Language

☞ CMY : Cyan – Magenta – Yellow

☞ Comal : Common Algorithmic Language

☞ CPI : Character Per Inch

☞ CPS : Central Processing Unit

☞ CRS : Compueriesed Reservation system

☞ CRT : Cathode Ray tube

☞ CTS : Clear to send

☞ CU : Control Unit

☞ D/a : Digital – to – Analog

☞ DBMS : Data Base Management system

☞ DDS : Digital Data Storage

☞ DEC : Digital Equipment Corporation

☞ DOS : Disk Operating system

☞ DPI : Dots per Inch

☞ DRDO : Defense Research and Development Organization

☞ DSHD : Double sided high Density

☞ DTP : Desk op publishing

☞ DTR : Data Terminal Ready

☞ DTS : Digital theater system

☞ DVD : Digital Video/Versatile Disk

☞ E-business : Electronicd business

☞ E-Commerce : Electronic Commerce

☞ E-Mail : Electronic Mail

☞ EBCDIC : Exended binary coded Decimal In terchange Code

☞ EDP : Electronic data processing

☞ EEPROM : Electrically Erasable programmable Read only memory

☞ EFT : Electronic fund Transfer

☞ ENIAC : Electronic Numerical integrator and calculator

☞ EPROM : Erasable programmable Read ony Memory

☞ ERNET : Education and Research Network

☞ EXE : Execution

☞ FAT : file allocation table

☞ FD : Floppy disk

☞ FDM : Frequency division multiplexing

☞ FET : Eifel Effect Transitory

☞ FIFO : First – In, First – out

☞ FILO : First In, Last Out

☞ FM : Frequency Modulation

☞ Fortran : Formula translation

☞ FSK : Frequency shift Keying

☞ FTP : file Transfer Protocol

☞ GB : Giga Bytes

☞ GIGO : Garbage in garbage out

☞ GIS : Geographical information system

☞ GPL : general public license

☞ GPS : Global positioning system

☞ GUI : Graphical user interface

☞ HLL : High Level Language

☞ HP : Hewlett Packard

☞ HTML : Hyper Text Markup Language

☞ HTTP : Hyper Text Tranfer Protocol

☞ IBM : International business Machines

☞ IC : Integrated Circuit

☞ I/O : Input – Output

☞ IP : Internet Protocol

☞ IRC : Internet Relay chat

☞ ISDN : Integrated services digital Network

☞ ISH : Information super highway

☞ ISO : International standards Organization

☞ ISP : Internet service provider

☞ IT : Information technology

☞ JPEG : Joint Photographic expert group

☞ JRE : Jav Runtime Engine

☞ JSP : Java Server pages

☞ KB : Kilo bytes

☞ KIPS : Knowledge information processing system

☞ LAN : Local Area Network

☞ Laser : Light amplification for stimulated emission of radiation

☞ LCD : Liquid crystal display

☞ LD : Laser diode

☞ LEd : Light – Emitting diode

☞ LISP : Lit processing

☞ LLL : Low Level language

☞ LSD : Least significant digit

☞ LSI : Least significant digit

☞ LSI : Large scale integration

☞ MAN : Metropolitan Area Network

☞ MB : Mega Bytes

☞ MHz : Mega Hertz

☞ MICR : Magnetic Ink character recognition

🔆Types of cyber security attack

✅Malware: It is any kind of software that is designed to cause damage to a single computer, server, or computer network.
Like- Ransomware, Spyware, Worms, viruses & Trojans are all varieties of malware.

✅Spoofing: Cybercriminals try impersonating a bank’s URL with a website that is quite similar to the original one and has similar functions as well.

✅Phishing: it is attempting to obtain sensitive information such as credit card details, etc. for fraudulent activities, by disguising oneself as an authentic, trustworthy entity via electronic communication

✅Denial of Service attacks: It is an attack meant to shut down a machine or network, making it inaccessible to its intended users.

✅Man-in-the-middle (MitM) attacks: They occur when attackers insert themselves into a two-party transaction.

✅Structured Query Language (SQL) Injection: SQL stands for a programming language used to communicate with databases.