Saar Concepts (Official)

The first step to build a democracy is to build a civil society and the first step to destroy a democracy is to destroy the civil society. Democracy without civil society is just a structure without substance.

https://youtu.be/Jzw3nCigFpQ?si=A-TzAKnSrSZipmSt

https://youtu.be/GAx60yXc7GA?si=_TaIWgE1vI3pAMTw

The quest to control forced them (British Colonial Authority) to establish institutions of control and coercion, when these institutions got entrenched, the controllers left and handed over the same apparatus of dominance to the controlled, now it was upto to the erstwhile subjects to decide what to do with this newly acquired power and designation of 'Master'.

An observation made in the context of the colonial legacy of British India.

https://youtu.be/dGwUSS0_me8?si=yN4oFTL_afGSIddB

https://youtu.be/rwchheqKIxA?si=PVTrG5pAkU-qyddj

Justice, for Plato, is harmony, it is creating order out of chaos, it is assembling discreet parts into a seamless organic whole where the sum ultimately becomes greater than it's constituent parts and the parts tend to have no life of their own when isolated from the whole.

https://youtu.be/iO-jF_fn2rI?si=Wm6QUQoFx1bXPLB9

Just a passing thought,

Kantian ethics is demanding, since it's not in our instincts to treat others as an end in themselves, we are hard-wired to act instrumentally, that is treat others merely as a means to an end.

https://youtu.be/G4QtRptbM3w?si=bqexBtSFTea0jQjQ

'It is not from the benevolence of the butcher, brewer or the baker that we expect our dinner, but from their regard to their own self-interest.' This line from Adam Smith forms the bedrock of Modern Capitalism.

https://youtu.be/Kn2YIDgvyew?si=rlMHULFjVTOCnRnz

https://youtu.be/2FMHmm-R1pg?si=PAplr6LlKmiDN3-1

https://youtu.be/yuocO04dYZQ?si=w8wSXfSNbKt7umEt

https://youtu.be/r_nRlWogJ1k?si=Ef1SCpzOa9qrGZiu

https://youtu.be/1rKy2Ll0GYs?si=QihNToDhnAiUc2oZ

The nation remembers and will always remember the contributions of Dr. Manmohan Singh to India as the architect of 1991 reforms and as someone who took us out from the Nuclear Pariah.

Rest in Peace Sir.
You will never be forgotten. 🙏🏻

One of my student asked this question to me just a couple of minutes ago, ‘Why does Marxism appears so appealing to me or particularly students of my age?’

It’s a good question and I would like to share my answer with you too.

Marxism appears to be more appealing because first, it’s very systematic, you know the beginning, you know the problem, and you also know the solution. It’s like a manual ready to be put into action and bring the desired changes.

Second, it speaks the language of majority. It focuses more on highlighting pain and suffering and identifying the culprit behind those pain and suffering. It shows the dream of a better ‘painless’ tomorrow, so most of the people, especially those who are young, who have empathy, who can connect with others’ suffering gets attracted to this ideology.

But the danger of Marxism lies in its simplicity. It stops you from seeing the complexity of the society. It makes you believe that change and revolution is easy, one is just required to demand and protest for it.

So, before or after reading Marxism, one must also read Conservatism. Conservatism is the most practical ideology that you can ever come across.

This answer satisfied my student and he replied with a beautiful quote which I would also like to share with you all.

“If you are not a Marxist in your youth, you have no heart. If you are not a liberal in middle age, you have no brain. And if you are not conservative in old age, you have no sense.”

For Saar Concepts
Kumar Arpit

https://youtu.be/BBHYrbbgbzY?si=Cqjc8KdgtyrnLi0-

Liberty vs. Equality. Do they always oppose each other. Find out in this video https://youtu.be/IS09WoGi5NQ?si=d2o6EIyPUIrOqkeV

https://youtu.be/64tT-zowmjk?si=8vyYJqeofULBZrIO

https://youtu.be/8kf0Gk2svds?si=2r1UHDjp8FK0aSk-

Think, and then answer.

https://youtu.be/WJ7MD_F3dJk?si=40QISGWS1qTBHZ4i

https://youtu.be/lBWq6CJoSM0?si=KGJoPerCbZAgbEP3

Has India overcome the stigma of being a 'Soft State'? Decide on the basis of three parameters explained in the video.

https://youtu.be/f9bstWfMLSs?si=osl26VTEpHKnLT8y

Interviewer's one of the favorite question :

What is Scientific in Scientific Socialism?

https://youtu.be/EL3jHgzjNFg?si=cYzFeIjRFGILpgsD

https://youtu.be/L0kYq2zZ90w?si=5dx6-T7j62j8eFqg

https://youtu.be/SSV5lqE6R5U?si=ccDG4mJ9rPNDTnyF

Hint : Correct answer lies in politics, not Constitution.

Difference Between Participative and Deliberative Democracy

In participative democracy, the focus is on more and more participation in the decision making process. Here participation is demanded from citizens only during the decision making phase.

But deliberative democracy is broader in scope. Here participation is demanded from citizens not just at the time of making decision, that is during the voting phase, but also before the decision and after the decision.

It means, in deliberative democracy, the participation of the masses is a continuous and ongoing process. As a result, the quality of the decision taken in deliberative democracy is superior in quality.

Postmodernists say that reality is nothing but a 'collective hunch'.

Difference between State and Government

Government is tasked with the function of governance. Governance is nothing but administration. Social welfare and development is also a part of administration nowadays.

So, the purpose behind having a government is clear, ease and convenience of life.

Govt is required as long as there is need for convenience and order in society.

State is above administration. State not only governs but also conduct the conduct of the people. It regulates and moulds the behavior of people because it has power to do so. It's a permanent entity, people in government can come and go but State remains.

Borrowing from Hobbes, State is a Mortal God. The very idea of having an State is powerful one. It's an organization which encompasses and subdues the lives of people living within it. Government is to serve, but State is to rule. State evokes the feeling of submission and devotion towards an entity which is not God, but has attributes similar to God. This is not the case with government.

Please remember, the distinction between State and Government is analytical and abstract. The difference is not intuitive, hence normally, both the terms are used synonymously and interchangeably.

It's only when you dive deeper and start thinking analytically, then you realize the subtle differences between the idea of State and Government.

Some of your life goals are chosen by you for yourself, while many other goals are chosen for you by the society you live in. Both are important in thier own right.

This is the core argument of Communitarianism.

It's a powerful argument which you can give to support the need for a strong United Nations. UN can indeed act as an instrument of salvation for those regions of the world where people are deprived of their basic human rights and dignity by either the state itself or local warlords.

Rawandan genocide of 1994, which killed almost 800,000 Rawandans, was the direct result of the reversal of this policy of 'assertive multilateralism' of the US in the United Nations.

Assertive Multilateralism refers to a foreign policy approach where a country, or a group of countries, try to intervene in the internal affairs of other countries on the pretext of either promoting democracy or safeguarding human rights. These interventions are generally sanctioned or undertook under the auspices of an International Or Multilateral organization like UN, hence its called assertive Multilateralism.

Answer 3 and 4

Answer 1 and 2

Get benefits from other's questions and doubts. You might have the same queries.

I am going teach how to write argumentative answers. This is the power which will make you stand out from the rest i.e the standardized masses.

Arguments are logical, consistent and meaningful statements which are held to be true until proven false.

Era of direct answer will get over gradually, we need to master the art of reading between the lines and arm our answers with powerful arguments. Arguments will rule the roost. Political Science is all about arguments, powerful arguments.

#gratefultopsir

Third Option is the Correct answer

Video explanation coming up on YouTube

But Article 17 says otherwise

Saar Concepts and it's team is proud beyond measures on the success of it's students in June 2024 UGC NET Exams.

We will always be the wind beneath your wings. Fly high, only Sky should be the limit.

Heartiest Congratulations and all the Very Best for December Exams. 🙂🙂