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A 7-year-old boy is brought to the office by his mother for a routine checkup. Medical history is significant for 2 upper respiratory tract infections this past year but is otherwise normal. Family history includes hypertension in his father and bipolar disorder in a maternal aunt. Physical examination is normal, but the mother says that her son's behavior has been difficult to manage over the past year. "He is always running around (even during dinner), does not listen, and keeps his room a mess. He is always bothering his younger brother, interrupting him when he talks, and taking his toys without asking. He is unable to follow a morning routine to get ready for school, and he frequently misses the bus as a result." The mother also reports difficulty at school. The boy's second-grade teacher has reported that he cannot sit still, answers questions impulsively and out of turn, and becomes irritable when she redirects him. The physician recommends a trial of methylphenidate. Which of the following side effects is the patient most likely to experience while taking this medication?

The cephalic and gastric phases stimulate gastric acid secretion, while intestinal influences tend to reduce gastric acid secretion.