NEET Biology Quiz

⏰ ऑफर समाप्त होने में सिर्फ कुछ घंटे बाकी!
https://classes.utkarsh.com/KvxG/EXTTG
उत्कर्ष के Tiranga Mahotsav से अपनी तैयारी को दें नई उड़ान!
पाएं सभी Online Courses पर:

💰 90% तक का भारी डिस्काउंट
👑 3 महीने की अतिरिक्त वैधता
📅 कोर्स वैधता बढ़ाने पर 10% अतिरिक्त छूट

🥳 कूपन कोड UC76 इस्तेमाल करने पर 100 रुपये का Extra Discount🔥

🚨 कुछ घंटे ही बाकी हैं, ऑफ़र का फायदा उठाएं!
Enroll Now: https://classes.utkarsh.com/KvxG/EXTTG

DOWNLOAD FREE NCERT BOOK 👇👇 CLICKS HERE

🌅  Class 12 Ncert All Book ✓

🌅  Class 11 Ncert All Book ✓

🌅  Class 10 Ncert All Book ✓

🌅  Class 9 Ncert All Book   ✓

🌅  Class 8 Ncert All Book   ✓

🌅  Class 7 Ncert All Book   ✓

🌅  Class 6 Ncert All Book   ✓

🎊 बस आखिरी मौका!!⏰

उत्कर्ष के तिरंगा महोत्सव🇮🇳 का लाभ उठाने का आज आखिरी दिन है; 😱 कहीं आप चूक न जाएँ!!
Enroll Now:👇
https://tinyurl.com/Utkarsh0ffers9

💥 ऑफ़र में आपके लिए क्या है:👇
🎯 650+ ऑनलाइन कोर्सेस पर 90% तक की छूट
🎉 3 माह की Free Extra Validity
💡 10% छूट मौजूदा कोर्स की Validity बढ़ाने पर

नोट : कूपन कोड UC76 इस्तेमाल करने पर 100 रुपये का Extra Discount (यह विशेष छूट सिर्फ़ 999/- से अधिक के कोर्सेस पर।)

⏳ ऑफ़र केवल आज रात 11:59 PM तक !
तो, देर न करें! आज ही अपनी दमदार तैयारी की शुरुआत करें। 🚀✨

🔗 तो, अभी Enroll करें:
👉 https://tinyurl.com/Utkarsh0ffers9

🇮🇳 उत्कर्ष तिरंगा महोत्सव 🎉

उत्कर्ष तिरंगा महोत्सव🇮🇳 समाप्त होने में सिर्फ़ 2 दिन शेष हैं; यानी अभी भी मौका है उत्कर्ष एप के अपने मनचाहे कोर्स के साथ तैयारी को शानदार दिशा देने का। 💪📚
🔗 https://classes.utkarsh.com/KvxG/EXTTG

🎁 क्या मिलेगा उत्कर्ष तिरंगा महोत्सव में:👇

🔥 90% तक की छूट - उत्कर्ष के 650+ कोर्सेस पर !!
🗓 3 महीने की Extra Validity हर कोर्स पर
🎊 10% छूट मौजूदा कोर्सेस की Validity बढ़ाने पर

⏳ ऑफ़र 28 जनवरी को खत्म होने वाला है !! तो, जल्दी करें।

नोट : कूपन कोड UC76 इस्तेमाल करने पर 100 रुपये का Extra Discount (यह विशेष छूट सिर्फ़ 999/- से अधिक के कोर्सेस पर।)

🔗 तो, अभी Enroll करें:
👉 https://classes.utkarsh.com/KvxG/EXTTG

You are required to draw blood from a patient and to
keep it in a test tube for analysis of blood corpuscles
and plasma. You are also provided with the following
four types of test tubes. Which of these you will not
use for the purpose?
(a) Test tube containing calcium bicarbonate
(b) Chilled test tube
(c) Test tube containing heparin
(d) Test tube containing sodium oxalate
(2004)

Which two of the following changes (i –iv) usually tend to occur in the plain dwellers when they move to high altitudes (3,500 m ormore)?
(i) Increase in red blood cellsize
(ii) Increase in red blood cell production
(iii)Increased breathing rate
(iv)Increase in thrombocyte count
Changes occurring are
(a) (ii) and (iii)
(b) (iii) and (iv)
(c) (i) and (iv)
(d) (i) and (ii).
(2010)

BREATHING AND EXCHANGE OF GASES 10 YEAR PYQ'S 👇👇👇

✅ List of Micronutrients

➖ Iron: It is essential for energy transfer, nitrogen reduction, and fixation. Iron, along with sulfur, acts as a catalyst in the formation of other reactions. Yellow leaves are the symptom of Iron deficiency.

➖ Chlorine: It is the nutrient which helps in osmosis and ionic balance. It also plays a key role in the process of photosynthesis. Decreased resistance, reduced plant growth are the symptoms of chlorine deficiency.

➖ Manganese: It is essential for photosynthesis and nitrogen metabolism. Premature leaf drop and delayed maturity are the symptoms of manganese deficiency. Manganese is abundant in wet soils, whereas dry soil has limited manganese.

➖ Boron: It helps in the formation and strengthening of the cell walls. It helps in cell division, germination of pollen, flowering, and fruiting. Lack of boron can lead to reduced production of grains and seeds.

➖ Zinc: It is an essential element which helps in photosynthesis, energy production and regulation of growth. Zinc deficiency may cause slower maturity and reduction in the size of the leaf. Zinc deficiencies often occur during the cold, wet spring season.

➖ Copper: It is essential for proper photosynthesis, grain production and to the strengthening of a cell wall. Stunted growth, yellow leaves are the symptoms of copper deficiency. There will not be enough copper in many soils.

➖ Molybdenum: It is responsible for pollen formation. It is also responsible for nitrogen fixation. Reduced fruit or grain growth are the symptoms of Molybdenum deficiency. Sandy soils in the humid region are the places where zinc deficiencies are found.

❇️ Circulatory system ❇️

(a) Open type – In which the blood is pumped out of heart and the cells & tissues are directly bathed in it.
e.g. Arthropods, Molluscs, Echinoderms, Hemichordates and some lower Chordates like tunicates

(b) Closed type – In which the blood is circulated through a series of vessels of varying diameters i.e. arteries, veins and blood capillaries
e.g. Annelids, Cephalopod molluscs, Vertebrates etc

Blood Groups: ABO

✅ABO grouping is based on the presence or absence of two surface antigens (chemicals that can induce immune response) on the RBCs namely A and B.

✅Similarly, the plasma of different individuals contain two natural antibodies (proteins produced in response to antigens).

✅ABO blood groups are controlled by the gene I. The plasma membrane of the red blood cells has sugar polymers that protrude from its surface and the kind of sugar is controlled by the gene. The gene (I) has three alleles IA, IB and i.

✅The alleles IA and IB produce a slightly different form of the sugar while allele i does not produce any sugar.

✅Because humans are diploid organisms, each person possesses any two of the three I gene alleles.

✅IA and IB are completely dominant over i, in other words when IA and i are present only IA expresses (because i does not produce any sugar), and when IB and i are present IB expresses.

✅But when IA and IB are present together they both express their own types of sugars: this is because of co-dominance. Hence red blood cells have both A and B types of sugars.

🔻🔻 Plant Hormones 🔻🔻

🔻 These are chemical compounds released by stimulated cells. These chemical compounds help in growth and development of plants.

🔻 When growing plants detect light, a hormone called auxin, synthesised at the shoot tip, helps the cells to grow longer. When light is coming from one side of the plant, auxin diffuses towards the shady side of the shoot.

🔻This concentration of auxin stimulates the cells to grow longer on the side of the shoot which is away from light. Thus, the plant appears to bend towards light.

🔻 Another example of plant. hormones is gibberellins which, like auxins, help in the growth of the stem.

🔻 Cytokinins promote cell division, and it is natural then that they are present in greater concentration in areas of rapid cell division, such as in fruits and seeds. These are examples of plant hormones that help in promoting growth. But plants also need signals to stop growing.

🔻Abscisic acid is one example of a hormone which inhibits growth. Its effects include wilting of leaves.

❁ In some plants sepals of the flower 🌹 remain attached after fertilisation during embroygenesis. E.g., Tomato , Brinjal, Strawberry 🍓 

❁ The zygote develops into embryo after which the ovule becomes the seed and ovary becomes the fruit 🍎

❁  Inside the mature seed is the progenitor of the next generation, the embryo. 👀

❁  The fruit develops a thick wall called pericarp that is protective in function.

❁ After dispersal, seeds🌱 germinate under favourable conditions to produce new plants

❇️Body Cavity or Coelom ❇️

Presence or absence of a cavity between the body wall and gut wall is very important in classification.

(a) Acoelomates – Animals in which the body cavity is absent
e.g. Porifera, Coelenterata, Ctennophora, Platyhelminthes

(b) Pseudocoelomates – In same animals body cavity is not lined by mesoderm, instead, the mesoderm is present as scattered pouches in between the ectoderm and endoderm. Such a body cavity is called pseudocoelom.
e.g. Aschelminthes.

(c) Coelomates – Animals possessing coelom i.e. the body cavity which is lined by mesoderm on all sides

❇️Notochord ❇️
It is a mesodermally derived rod-like structure formed on the dorsal side during embryonic
development in some animals

(a) Non-chordates – Animals without notochord e.g. Porifera to Echinodermata

(b) Chordates – Animals with notochord e.g. Chordata

❇️Symmetry ❇️

(a) Asymmetry :- When any plane that passes through the centre does not divide the body of animals into two equal halves.
e.g : most of the sponges are asymmetrical.

(b) Radial symmetry : When any plane passing through the central axis of the body divide the animal into two identical halves.
e.g : Coelenterates, Ctenophores and Echinoderms(adult)

(c) Bilateral symmetry : When the body can be divided into identical left & right halves in only one plane.
e.g : Platyhelminthes to Chordates.

Circulatory system

NEET PYQS

Heart ❣️Sound

✓During each cardiac cycle two
    prominent sound are :
    1 Lub
    2 Dub

✓First Heart Sound
  It is associated with closure of
  tricupsid and bicuspid valves

✓Second Heart Sound
  It is associated with closure of   
  semilunar valve.

✓These are easily heard by stethoscope
    and clinical diagnostic significance

Give Hearts ❤️🌹❤️

😁😁😍😍

✅Very important points - Human Reproduction

🌟Uterus also called womb.

🌟 Longest unstripped muscles of the body are found in the walls of uterus. (During pregnancy)

🌟 Clitoris is a homologous to the penis in the male.

🌟 Bartholin Glands : It is homologous to Cowper's gland of male

🌟 A functional mammary gland is characteristic of all female mammals.

🌟 The milk produced during the initial few days of lactation is called colostrum which contains antibodies (IgA) absolutely essential to develop resistance for the new-born babies.

⚡️ Liberation of sperms from Sertoli cells of seminiferous tubules is called spermiation.

⚡️ Liberation of sperms from testes is called semination.

⚡️ Liberation of sperms from body of male is called ejaculation .

⚡️ Mammalian sperms are transfered to vagina of female by the process called insemination.

⚡️ In 1 ml of semen, 20 to 120 millions of sperms are present in human being.

⚡️ Leydig's cells mature at 10 yrs. of age.

⚡️ In humans (and most vertebrates), the first polar body does not undergo meiosis II.

⚡️ The first polar body is, therefore, formed merely to get rid of unwanted chromosomes.

⚡️ 65-74 days are required to complete the cycle of spermatogenesis in human being.

Don’t Just Prepare, Dominate – The BEST All India Test Series is Here!

🚨 Flat 40% OFF – Limited to the First Few Users Only! 😱

📌 Why choose Sri Chaitanya AITS 2025?
✅ Rank Benchmarking with Sri Chaitanya students
✅ Personal AI Mentor
✅ Detailed Video Solutions

Start dominating NEET with confidence!

Link 👇
https://bit.ly/3YZ2brf
https://bit.ly/3YZ2brf

IMPORTANT years in NCERT 📚 :-
             
1731 - Many people of Bishnoi community sacrifice their lives saving trees (Jodhpur)

1770 - Priestley's experiment by Bell Jar, Mice & Mint plant, Candle.

1774 - Discovery of oxygen by Joseph Priestley
1838 - Matthias Schleiden-Cell Theory                                                   

1829 - Theodore Schwann- Cell Theory

1850s -  Before industrialization => more white wing Moth

1854 - Julius von Sachs proved that glucose is formed in photosynthesis & stored as starch.

1855 - "Omnis cellula cellula" by Rudolf Virchow & complete the cell theory.

1856 - 1863 Mendel work on garden pea.

1860 - Hydroponics technique developed by Julie Von Sache

1865 - Mendel publishes his workon inheritance of character

1866 - Down's Syndrome discovered by Langdon Down.

1869 - DNA as a acidic substance was 1st identified by Friedrich Meischer & termed a "Nuclein"

1891 - Fossils of Java man discovered in Java
          - Henking discovered X-body (X-chromosome) in insect. (XO- type sex determination)

1892 - Discovery of TMV by D.J. Ivanowsky

1898 -  M.W. Beijerinck demonstrated infectious nature of TMV
          - Discovery of Golgi Body by Camillo Golgi.

1900 - Rediscovery of Mendel's work by ---> • Hugo de Vries
           • Karl Corrence
           • Tschemark

1902 - Chromosomal theory of inheritance given by Sutton & Bovery.

1905 - Law of limiting factors for plants given by Blackmann

1920 - After Industrialisation => more black moth

1928 - Frederick Griffith's Transformation  experiment on Streptococcus pneumonia bacteria

1933 – 1944 - Avery, Macleod McCarty used transformation principle of Griffith's experiment & concluded that DNA is genetic material.

1938 - Coelacanth/Lobe Fines caught in South Africa ---> Ancestor of amphibia.

1947 - At the time of our independence India's population, was approximately 350 million .

1950 -  Electron microscope invention
            -  Tissue culture started

1951 - Family planning was initiated

1952 - Hershey & Chase experiment more correctly proved that DNA ie genetic material

1953  - Discovery of ribosome by George Palade.
          - S.L Miller Experiment of evolution.
          - Double helical structure model of DNA given by Watson & Crick.

1958 - Matthew Meselson of Franklin Stahl experiment (E. coli in NH4CI medium) proved that DNA replication is semiconservative )
         -  Taylor study on vicia faba plant (used radioactive thymidind and proved  semiconservative nature of DNA)

1960 -  Green Revolution.

1963 - Restriction endonuclease isolated from E. coli.

1963 - Wheat varieties Sonalika f Kalyan Sona (High yield & Disease resistant ) introduced in INDIA

1966 - Derived semi dwarf varieties of rice introduced in India.

1969 - R.H. Whittaker proposed FIVE-KINGDOM Classification

1971 - Discovery of viroids by T.O. Diener
          -  Govt. of India legalised MTP.

1972 - Fluid Mosaic model of plasma membrane by Singer & Nicolson
          - 1st recombinant DNA developed by Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer
          - National committee for environmental planning and Coordination was established.
          - Wild life protection act in India.

1974 -  Water Act.  &  also Chipko movement

1980 -  Joint Forest movement

1981 - Air act.
           - AIDS was fired reported
           - Intrinsic growth rate of India (r= 0.0205) 

1983 - Eli Lilly American company human Insulin from E. coli.

1984 - Bhopal Tragedy
          - Ministry of Environment amd Forest.

1986 - Environment Act (NEPA)

1987 - Noise included in air pollution  
          - Montreal protocol (Canada)

1988 - National Forest Policy

1989 -  Montreal Protocol became effective.