هنساعد بعض📚🤍

هنساعد بعض📚🤍 pinned «بنك اسئلة تقييم 👇👇»

بنك اسئلة تقييم 👇👇

: https://chat.whatsapp.com/CXqIAuxwVM9G0DMhSJDvbT

لينك واتس لو مبتفتحش تيلي كتير

https://t.me/jhcrxsftbhhjhh/159


ترجمة skin assessment

https://t.me/jhcrxsftbhhjhh/138

ترجمة ال cardio

Health assessment quiz (5).pdf

بخصوص مقالي التقييم

أنا أتشارك '4_5839141255912623660' معك

هنساعد بعض📚🤍 pinned «بالغين ن Cardiovascular disorders»

abdominal assessment

https://t.me/jhcrxsftbhhjhh/102


ترجمة
ملخص كتابي
شرح صوتي عربي انجلش
فويس بصمجة


مش ببعت هنا علشان ده مش ملخص اساسي ده ملخصات انا بعملها لنفسي وببعتها ع جروب جانبي لو حد احتاجها

https://t.me/jhcrxsftbhhjhh/95

nuro assessment
ترجمة
ملخص
فويس عربي
فويس انجلش

‏استعمل هذا الرابط للانضمام إلى مجموعتي في واتساب: https://chat.whatsapp.com/CXqIAuxwVM9G0DMhSJDvbT

تعالوا هنا 👀

هنساعد بعض📚🤍 pinned «فاينل تفكير ناقد»

https://t.me/hansaaad/3856
المحاضره الاولى تفكير ناقد

https://t.me/hansaaad/4306
المحاضره الثانيه تفكير ناقد


https://t.me/hansaaad/4318
أسئله سنوات سابقه فصل تان وتالت
https://t.me/hansaaad/4318
الفصل السابع الي سلايد 9
https://t.me/hansaaad/5213
الفصل الرابع تفكير ناقد
https://t.me/hansaaad/5242
الفصل الثالث تفكير ناقد
https://t.me/hansaaad/5790
الفصل الخامس تفكير ناقد

ملخص فصول تفكير

1. https://t.me/hansaaad/3857
2. https://t.me/hansaaad/4178?single
3. https://t.me/hansaaad/4180?single
4. https://t.me/hansaaad/5240
5. https://t.me/hansaaad/6106?single
6. https://t.me/hansaaad/6112?single
7.https://t.me/hansaaad/6117?single

نموزج امتحان التفكير لهذا العام.pdf

كويز 1

الأسئله و الملخصات 👇

*المحاضرة الأولي*
- من صفحة 56 لحد صفحة 65.

*المحاضرة الثانية*
- من صفحة 65 لحد صفحة 71.

*المحاضرة الثالثة*
- من صفحة 80 لحد صفحة 101.

*المحاضرة الرابعة*
- من صفحة 111 لحد صفحة 128.

*المحاضرة السادسة*
- مراجعة .

*المحاضرة الخامسة و السابعة*
- من صفحة 184 لحد صحفة 206 بدون مذاكرة الاساليب الخطابية.

*المحاضرة الثامنة*
- من صفحة 136 لحد صفحة 154.

*المحاضرة التاسعة*
- من صفحة 188 (( الاساليب الخطابية )) الي صفحة 191 ومن صفحة 209 الي 213.

*المحاضرة العاشرة*
- الشائعات مش موجود في الكتاب موجود ف pdf

*المحاضرة الحادي عشر*
- من صفحة 165 لحد صحفة 175.

ركزوا علي الفصل السادس و السابع
عشان الدكتورة قالت عليها اسئلة كثير

دا حد من زملائنا من السنه اللي فاتت باعت الصفحات من الكتاب

ممكن دول يجوا مقالي بالمحاضره التامنه أكدوا على حفظهم وطبعاً مع فهم المحاضره حاولوا تأكدوا على حفظ ال definition الله يوفقكم

Implication of cognitive learning theory in nursing and education
• Cognitive learning theory has applications in nursing education, such as
problem-based learning, case studies as nursing students can use a case study
to apply their problem-solving and critical thinking abilities to real-life
scenarios.
• Using various teaching methods for instance, they can use role-playing,
simulations, or case studies to support constructivist learning.
• Tailoring instruction to individual needs: Each student has unique learning
needs, and nursing educators should strive to meet these need

Applications of Behaviorism in Education and nursing ••••

1-Rewards and Incentives : Using positive reinforcement to motivate
students and patients for desirable behavior.
Ex. completing assignments on time and the rewards for achieving those goals
2- Immediate Feedback: Providing timely and specific feedback on
performance to improve learning
Ex. completing a task (homework) saying "Great job on finishing your projec
3- Nurses can utilize this theory to encourage behavior change. For
instance, using positive reinforcement strategies can motivate patients to
engage in healthier behaviors, such as quitting smoking or adhering to
dietary recommendations

4- Enhancing Patient Education
Nurses can employ classical conditioning techniques in patient education by
associating health information with positive experiences. For instance, during
educational sessions about managing chronic conditions like diabetes,
incorporating enjoyable activities (like cooking demonstrations)

5- Describing the consequences of behavior increases appropriate
behaviors, decreasing inappropriate ones.
6- Modeling provides an alternative to teaching new behaviors. Instead of
using shaping and operant conditioning, modeling is a faster, more efficient
means of teaching.
7- Learners must believe that they can accomplish a task; it is essential to
develop a sense of self-efficacy for learners.

اسئلة محاصرات علم النفس

https://t.me/hansaaad/8677
https://t.me/hansaaad/8655
https://t.me/hansaaad/8272
https://t.me/hansaaad/8254
https://t.me/hansaaad/8237
https://t.me/hansaaad/8223
https://t.me/hansaaad/8202

جزاكم الله خيرا ❤️

و كمان ضايع من زميل لينا بوكس ادوات لو حد لاقاه برضو يبعتلي برايفت
@Mmkjdghk

دوس على الكلام الازرق ده هتلاقيك في البرايفت عندي @Mmkjdghk

شباب
ضايع من زميل لينا تابلت يوم امتحان العملي لو حد لقاه ياريت يبعتلي برايفت على الاكونت ده @Mmkjdghk

محاضرة 1

جروب بينزل اسئلة و ملخصات حلو ممكن يفيدكم

حضرتك ممكن تنزل اللينك ده ع القناه لعل الناس تستفيد وشكرالحضرتك https://t.me/+icfZW2VXj1RiNWNk

المحاضرة التانية

هنساعد بعض📚🤍 pinned «شباب دي land marks 1 https://t.me/hansaaad/8781 2 https://t.me/hansaaad/8792 3 https://t.me/hansaaad/8797 4 https://t.me/hansaaad/8818 5 https://t.me/hansaaad/8841 6 https://t.me/hansaaad/8864 7 https://t.me/hansaaad/8866 8 https://t.me/hansaaad/8884 9 h…»

1ملخصات
2أسئلة سنوات سابقة
3كويزات تدريبية
4 محاضرات الترم مع التسجيلات
5تراجم عربي
6فيد تراجم
7اسئلة على اول 7 محاضرات
8مقالي.. اجتهاد زميل لينا
9 باقي ال، pdf و التسجيلات
10 جروب مهم لو عاوز فويسات تلخيص
11مقالي غالبا مهم
12 فويس مهم
13 تلخيص الديفينسيف ميكا كتابة
14فويس مهم
15علم نفس حل
Learning محاضرة
16 شرح فويس الميكانزم دفينس
17
18
19
20

شباب دي land marks
1 https://t.me/hansaaad/8781
2 https://t.me/hansaaad/8792
3 https://t.me/hansaaad/8797
4 https://t.me/hansaaad/8818
5 https://t.me/hansaaad/8841
6 https://t.me/hansaaad/8864
7 https://t.me/hansaaad/8866
8 https://t.me/hansaaad/8884
9 https://t.me/hansaaad/8885
10 https://t.me/hansaaad/8898
11 https://t.me/hansaaad/8901?single
12 https://t.me/hansaaad/8904
13 https://t.me/hansaaad/8906
14 https://t.me/hansaaad/8910
15 https://t.me/hansaaad/8911
16 https://t.me/hansaaad/8936
شباب دي land marks

الموجز
ملخصات علم نفس
https://t.me/hansaaad/8781

أسئلة سنوات سابقة
https://t.me/hansaaad/8792
كويزات تدريبية
https://t.me/hansaaad/8797
المحاضرات بتاعت السنادي المتاحة معايا + ريكورد
https://t.me/hansaaad/8818

ترجمة اهم اجزاء pdf بالنسبة ليا
تسيهلا للترجمة و ليس اعتماد كلي
https://t.me/hansaaad/8842

نفس للترجمة بس شكل احلى
https://t.me/hansaaad/8864
اسئلة شات جي
انا مقراتهاش لسه و ممكن مقراهاش اصلا
بس لو حد محااجها
ف لو ذاكرتها كون مركز لعل لعل سؤال يكون مش علينا فيهم
https://t.me/hansaaad/8866

حل على learn
https://t.me/hansaaad/8911

فويسات مهمة
https://t.me/hansaaad/8910
https://t.me/hansaaad/8904
مقالي
https://t.me/hansaaad/8902?single

https://t.me/hansaaad/8884

جروب مهم
https://t.me/jhcrxsftbhhjhh


محاضرة 9 و 8
https://t.me/hansaaad/8894

ال defense mechan

https://t.me/hansaaad/8906

هنساعد بعض📚🤍 pinned «علم نفس Learning محاضرة»

هنساعد بعض📚🤍 pinned «محاضرة Respiratory Disorder»

محاضرة Respiratory Disorder

هنساعد بعض📚🤍 pinned «محاضرة GIT disorder part 2»

محاضرة GIT disorder part 2

بمناسبة نظام الامتحانات المقالية ..
كتير بيسألوا عنها و مش عارفين يذاكرولها ازاي و مقلقين منها رغم أن الموضوع أنا شايفه في صالحكم ؛
يعني انت لو غلط في McQ او true & false هتنزل الدرجة او الدرجتين كاملين مفيش هزار ، لكن لو مش عارف إجابة سؤال مقالي بشكل كامل و هبدت صح ممكن تاخد الدرجة كاملة أو تنقص حاجة بسيطة ، فدة في مصلحتك .
طب تذاكرله ازاي ؟
احفظ التعريفات كويس هي و اي جزئية فيها نقاط زي signs و symptoms بتاعة مرض ما مثلا ، لانه مش هيعرف يجبلك غير دول اصلا مش هيقولك سمعلي المحاضرة مثلا احنا مش في ابتدائي 😂 .
حتي لو ذاكرت و نسيت حاجة فخليك ذكي و محنك و اهبد صح و هتجيب درجة عالية .
و باقي جزئيات المحاضرة اقرأها بتركيز و شوف المهم و اللي ممكن يكون فيها لعب و تيجي في ال McQ او true & false و انت هتقدر تحددها من خلال قراءتك بتمعن في المحاضرات و ان شاء الله الأمور بسيطة و هتنجحوا و هتجيبوا امتياز علي خير ان شاء الله.🤎

لازم تفتخر بكل خطوة مشيتها لوحدك
وكل نجاح وصلتله رغم الإحباط
وكل درجة أخدتها في دار غربة عن أهلك
وكل منصب جالك من غير واسطة
وكل وجع اتغلّبت لوحدك عليه
محدّش عاش اللي انت عشته لما قفلت وحدتك على نفسك وبكيت من التعب

ربنا يوفقنا جميعاً يارب♥

كان في حد بيسأل علي اساسيات اولي♥

أساسيات 1


1_ Nursing History
https://t.me/hansaaad/1630

2_ Medical terminology
https://t.me/hansaaad/584
https://t.me/hansaaad/1645

3_ Healthcare delivery system
https://t.me/hansaaad/669

4_ Communication
https://t.me/hansaaad/530

5_ Critical thinking
https://t.me/hansaaad/615

6_ hygiene
https://t.me/hansaaad/641

7_ Health and wellness
https://t.me/hansaaad/1508

8_ Human needs
https://t.me/hansaaad/1539

9_ Safety
https://t.me/hansaaad/3246

10_ Legal & Ethical issues
https://t.me/hansaaad/3269

11_ Caring
https://t.me/hansaaad/3331

12_ Rset and Sleep
https://t.me/hansaaad/3311

ساعاتك الطويلة بين الصفحات لها أجر
خطوطك اللي بترسمها في كتب مذاكرتك ليها أجر
دعواتك اللي بتكتبها في اعلى الصفحات ليها اجر
رسوماتك واشعارك وحتى خناقاتك اللي بتعبر عنها بشخابيط في الكتب ليها اجر
دموعك وخوفك وقلقك وقلة نومك وأرقك الدايم ليه اجر
بُعدك عن اهلك وعن مناسباتهم وقعداتهم ليه اجر
ربنا ضامن ليك الاجر بتوقيته هو بس
اللي ربنا يريده هيكون كده كده وكل لحظات قلقك في لحظة ربنا هيحولها أمان 🤎

*كويزات تمريض بالغين*

*كويز على محاضرة ال F&E 👇*
https://forms.gle/4os32zSPKRz5EDSr5

*كويز على محاضرة ال Preoperative 👇*
https://forms.gle/AMyyZ1RmSahuRA5M8

*كويز على محاضرة ال Postoperative 👇*
https://forms.gle/6ysfGDvR7jrEMqum8

*كويز على محاضرة ال Thyroid disorder👇*
https://forms.gle/HHgsJnutfbXw2zi47

*كويز على محاضرة ال DM 👇*
https://forms.gle/7eeTUsfUrcGkJkqv8

*كويز الميدتيرم👇*
https://forms.gle/nfcHpPqEgRBpUGbm7

هنساعد بعض📚🤍 pinned «"Nursing process" https://t.me/hansaaad/7469 Fluid1 https://t.me/hansaaad/7805 Fluid and electrolyte imbalance part 2 https://t.me/hansaaad/8033»

هنساعد بعض📚🤍 pinned «محاضرة بالغين نظرى Endocrine2 ( thyroid)✨»

هنساعد بعض📚🤍 pinned «المحاضره الثالثه تقيم General survey»

المحاضره الثالثه تقيم
General survey

السؤال ده ملحوظه :
Stage one بيكون الجلد سليم وفيه لون أحمر لو الشخص بشرته فاتحه بيحصل blanching الي هو المكان بيبقى ابيض
لو الشخص بشرته داكنه مش بيحصل blanche

محاضرة Gastro -Intestinal Disorders

هنساعد بعض📚🤍 pinned «( كويز 1 تقيم )دي كل اسئله المحاضرات اللي علينا ف الكويز + كويز السنوات اللي فاتت علشان بس الدنيا صعبه شوي أننا نعملها كهيئه اسئله نحاول نراجع كل الأسئله لان الأسئله معظمها بيتكرر ف الكويز بالتوفيق للجميع 🤎»

هنساعد بعض📚🤍 pinned «تكسب جنة و نجاح و صحة ؟ اقراء قران و سبح و ادعي اقعد ذاكر بنية لله حط جنبك ازازة ماء كل م تزهق سبح 5 مرات ثم اشرب ماء و انت جالس اشرب على ثلاث مرات قل قبل بسم الله ثم اشرب ثم قل الحمد لله الذي وهبني هذا بدون حول و لا قوة مني ادعي و كمل كرر كده لحد م…»

تكسب جنة و نجاح و صحة ؟
اقراء قران و سبح و ادعي
اقعد ذاكر بنية لله حط جنبك ازازة ماء كل م تزهق سبح 5 مرات ثم اشرب ماء و انت جالس
اشرب على ثلاث مرات
قل قبل بسم الله
ثم اشرب
ثم قل الحمد لله الذي وهبني هذا بدون حول و لا قوة مني
ادعي و كمل
كرر كده لحد م تخلص الي وراك
و تذكر المؤمن القوي خير واحب إلى الله من المؤمن الضعيف ♥️

هنساعد بعض📚🤍 pinned «( كويز 1 تقيم )دي كل اسئله المحاضرات اللي علينا ف الكويز + كويز السنوات اللي فاتت علشان بس الدنيا صعبه شوي أننا نعملها كهيئه اسئله نحاول نراجع كل الأسئله لان الأسئله معظمها بيتكرر ف الكويز بالتوفيق للجميع 🤎»

( كويز 1 تقيم )دي كل اسئله المحاضرات اللي علينا ف الكويز + كويز السنوات اللي فاتت
علشان بس الدنيا صعبه شوي أننا نعملها كهيئه اسئله
نحاول نراجع كل الأسئله لان الأسئله معظمها بيتكرر ف الكويز
بالتوفيق للجميع 🤎

اسئله كويز 1 سنوات سابقه تقيم

Cardio.pdf

المحاضره الخامسه تقيم

Respiratory.pdf

المحاضره الرابعه تقيم

General survey.pdf

المحاضره الثالثه تقيم

Physical examin.pdf

المحاضره الثانيه تقيم

هنساعد بعض📚🤍 pinned «https://t.me/jhcrxsftbhhjhh هيكون معسكرات و اسئلة و شرح هيكون عبثي اكتر سيكا من هنا علشان يكون الجروب ده اكتر تنظيما كل المهم الي هينزل هناك هينزل هنا بس هنا هيكون منظم هناك ممكن يكون في شي من العشوائيه و حجات غير الاسئلة لو حابب تدخل»

https://t.me/jhcrxsftbhhjhh
هيكون معسكرات و اسئلة و شرح
هيكون عبثي اكتر سيكا من هنا علشان يكون الجروب ده اكتر تنظيما
كل المهم الي هينزل هناك هينزل هنا
بس هنا هيكون منظم هناك ممكن يكون في شي من العشوائيه و حجات غير الاسئلة

لو حابب تدخل

Nutritional assessment
T/F

هنساعد بعض📚🤍 pinned «إزيك؟ أنا جايه أفكرك إنك بتحاول عشان ده اللي مطلوب منك، وعشان ربنا بيجازيك على محاولاتك دي. فعلى قدر سعيك ستُجزى، أما النتيجة فهي توفيق من الله! أنت مسؤول عن السعي فقط لا النتيجة، فالنتيجة اختص بها ربّ الخير، ربّ الخير الذي لا يأتي إلا بالخير.🤎»

إزيك؟

أنا جايه أفكرك إنك بتحاول عشان ده اللي مطلوب منك،
وعشان ربنا بيجازيك على محاولاتك دي. فعلى قدر سعيك ستُجزى، أما النتيجة فهي توفيق من الله!
أنت مسؤول عن السعي فقط لا النتيجة،
فالنتيجة اختص بها ربّ الخير،
ربّ الخير الذي لا يأتي إلا بالخير.🤎

الشرح الصوتي

الاسئلة

..

..

ابعت و لا اراحعهم الاول ؟

معايا McQ بس لسه مراجعتهاش ف ممكن يكون فيها سؤال مش علينا أو كده
سؤال متحاوب غلط كده ..

هي اسئلة T/F اه بس جامده هتثبتلك المحاضرة جامد

49. Mental status can be part of the functional assessment in nutritional evaluation.

True



50. The TDEE formula includes multiplying BMR by both activity and stress factors.

True



51. The MUST screening tool is used to assess malnutrition risk in elderly patients.

False (The Mini Nutritional Assessment, MNA, is used for elderly patients).



52. Malnutrition screening is a rapid, complex process and often not recommended for all patients.

False (It is a rapid and simple tool and recommended for all patients).



53. Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis relies on body conductivity to estimate body composition.

True



54. Refeeding syndrome can occur following a prolonged period of overfeeding.

False (It follows a period of starvation).



55. The BMR formula for females includes factors such as weight, height, and age.

True



56. Anthropometric methods include measuring head circumference and skinfold thickness.

True



57. Malnutrition screening in hospitals is typically done using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA).

False (Hospitals commonly use the NRS for screening).



58. A high level of physical activity corresponds to an activity factor of 1.2.

False (An activity factor of 1.2 is for sedentary individuals).



59. Electrolyte imbalances in refeeding syndrome may involve thiamine, magnesium, and potassium deficiencies.

True



60. Direct calorimetry measures the oxygen intake and carbon dioxide production.

False (Indirect calorimetry measures these).



61. A key goal of nutritional screening is to initiate timely nutritional support for at-risk patients.

True



62. Indirect calorimetry is often considered the gold standard for measuring Total Energy Expenditure.

False (The doubly labeled water method is the gold standard).



63. The DLW method requires ingestion of isotopes and is expensive.

True



64. Mental health is irrelevant in the functional assessment for nutrition.

False (Mental health is relevant).



65. DEXA is commonly used to measure energy expenditure directly.

False (DEXA measures body composition, not energy expenditure).



66. Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) involves using electrodes placed on the chest.

False (It typically uses wrist-to-ankle electrodes).



67. Indirect calorimetry measures gas concentrations in inspired and expired air.

True



68. The elderly population is at high risk for malnutrition, especially with low grip strength.

True



69. Physical dysfunction is evaluated in nutritional assessment's functional component.

True



70. Indirect calorimetry can be used in both clinical and home settings easily.

False (It is primarily used in clinical settings).



71. Body circumferences are part of anthropometric measures in body composition analysis.

True



72. Patients with gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea should be assessed for malnutrition risk.

True



73. Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) measures the amount of body fat based on density alone.

False (It measures body composition based on conductivity).



74. Nutritional screening should be performed only on patients showing obvious malnutrition symptoms.

False (Screening is recommended for all patients).



75. Food intake evaluation includes examining both quality and quantity of food consumed.

True
[٢٥/‏١٠ ٥:٢٧ م] Mohamed Khaled Taha: 76. Nutritional assessment includes taking a patient's medical and drug history.

True



77. Low levels of plasma sodium are unrelated to refeeding syndrome.

False (Electrolyte imbalances, including sodium, are relevant in refeeding syndrome).



78. The Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) tool was designed specifically for use in pediatric patients.

False (MNA is designed for elderly patients).



79. Assessing a patient's fever history is irrelevant in nutritional screening.

False (Fever history is part of the clinical assessment).



80. Increased nutritional intake after prolonged starvation can lead to refeeding syndrome.

True

81. DEXA scans are used in nutrition assessment to determine bone density and body fat distribution.

True



82. Patients undergoing dialysis are not at risk for refeeding syndrome.

False (Dialysis patients can be at risk due to electrolyte imbalances).



83. Energy expenditure assessment is unnecessary for patients with a high level of physical activity.

False (Energy expenditure assessment is crucial for all patients at nutritional risk).



84. Indirect calorimetry involves using a calorimeter to measure body heat loss.

False (Direct calorimetry measures heat loss, while indirect calorimetry measures gas exchange).



85. Malnutrition can be classified as an acute or chronic condition.

True



86. A triceps skinfold measurement (TSF) is a method used to estimate body fat.

True



87. Patients with a high risk of malnutrition do not need frequent follow-ups after initial assessment.

False (Frequent follow-ups are essential for high-risk patients).



88. The MUST tool evaluates malnutrition risk based on BMI, weight loss, and disease severity.

True



89. Severe malnutrition can impair immune function, making patients more susceptible to infections.

True



90. Plasma protein levels are irrelevant when assessing patients with suspected malnutrition.

False (Plasma protein levels are part of malnutrition assessment).



91. Anthropometric measurements are considered subjective and unreliable for assessing malnutrition.

False (They are objective and widely used).



92. Hand grip dynamometry is a method used to assess mental strength.

False (It measures physical strength).



93. Refeeding syndrome primarily affects electrolyte levels of sodium, potassium, and calcium.

False (It mainly affects magnesium, potassium, phosphorus, and thiamine).



94. A high stress factor is applied in TDEE calculations for patients with severe injuries.

True



95. Indirect calorimetry is commonly used for assessing energy expenditure in hospitalized patients.

True



96. Low BMI alone is a sufficient indicator to diagnose malnutrition.

False (Multiple factors are needed for a diagnosis).



97. Functional assessments in nutrition are exclusively focused on mental capacity.

False (They include physical and mental assessments).



98. BIA measures the amount of fat by passing an electrical current through the body.

True



99. Malnutrition is not a factor in mortality rates among hospitalized patients.

False (Malnutrition can increase mortality risk).



100. Muscle strength assessments are crucial for elderly patients at risk of malnutrition.
- True

[٢٥/‏١٠ ٨:٣٤ ص] Mohamed Khaled Taha: . What is the primary goal of nutrition management in diabetes mellitus (DM)?

A) To increase blood glucose levels

B) To decrease fat intake significantly

C) To maintain blood glucose levels within target range

D) To promote insulin resistance

Answer: C) To maintain blood glucose levels within target range



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2. Which of the following is true about insulin and meal timing in DM?

A) Insulin should be taken immediately after a meal

B) Meal timing is irrelevant for insulin action

C) Insulin administration should align with carbohydrate intake to prevent spikes

D) Insulin only needs to be taken once a day, regardless of meals

Answer: C) Insulin administration should align with carbohydrate intake to prevent spikes



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3. What is the recommended approach to protein intake for people with DM?

A) High protein intake to replace carbohydrates

B) Moderate protein intake, considering kidney function

C) Low protein intake only

D) Protein intake does not affect blood glucose levels

Answer: B) Moderate protein intake, considering kidney function



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4. In special situations such as illness, what is essential for people with DM to monitor?

A) Protein levels only

B) Avoiding all carbohydrates

C) Increased monitoring of blood glucose levels

D) Skipping insulin doses

Answer: C) Increased monitoring of blood glucose levels



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5. Which of the following nutrients should be carefully managed in the diet of a person with DM to prevent complications?

A) Only proteins

B) Only fats

C) Both fats and carbohydrates

D) Water intake only

Answer: C) Both fats and carbohydrates



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6. For a patient with diabetes, which type of fat is considered more beneficial?

A) Saturated fats

B) Trans fats

C) Unsaturated fats

D) Hydrogenated fats

Answer: C) Unsaturated fats



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7. What is a primary concern regarding carbohydrate intake in DM?

A) Quantity and timing of carbohydrate intake

B) Completely avoiding carbohydrates

C) Relying solely on carbohydrates for energy

D) Increasing carbohydrate intake significantly

Answer: A) Quantity and timing of carbohydrate intake



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8. When dealing with hypoglycemia in DM, what is the recommended initial step?

A) Ignore the symptoms

B) Consume a fast-acting carbohydrate

C) Drink a glass of water

D) Take an additional insulin dose

Answer: B) Consume a fast-acting carbohydrate
[٢٥/‏١٠ ٥:٢٤ م] Mohamed Khaled Taha: 1. Malnutrition among hospitalized adult patients ranges from 10% to 20%.

False (It ranges from 30% to 50%).



2. Undernutrition is considered an additional disease and a significant component of comorbidity.

True



3. The Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) is used for screening in hospitals.

False (MUST is used in the community; NRS is used in hospitals).



4. Refeeding syndrome can be fatal due to electrolyte and metabolic disturbances.

True



5. Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) is an invasive method to estimate body composition.

False (It is non-invasive).



6. Hand grip strength is used as a functional assessment in nutritional evaluation.

True



7. Direct calorimetry is an inexpensive and commonly used method to assess energy expenditure.

False (It is accurate but expensive).



8. Refeeding syndrome often includes hypophosphatemia as a hallmark electrolyte imbalance.

True



9. Plasma protein levels, such as transferrin, are measured to assess malnutrition severity.

True



10. The doubly labeled water method is considered the gold standard for measuring Total Energy Expenditure (TEE).

True
[٢٥/‏١٠ ٥:٢٦ م] Mohamed Khaled Taha: 11. The Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) is primarily used for elderly patients.

True



12. The Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS) is mainly for community settings.

False (NRS is used in hospitals).



13. Malnutrition screening should include evaluating recent weight loss and food intake.

True



14. Body Mass Index (BMI) is not relevant in assessing malnutrition.

False (BMI is essential in malnutrition screening).

15. Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) is primarily used to measure protein levels in the blood.

False (BIA assesses body composition).



16. Low grip strength in elderly patients can indicate poor healthcare outcomes.

True



17. Refeeding syndrome is mainly a concern for patients with eating disorders.

False (It can affect patients with various conditions, including renal failure).



18. Temperature, pulse rate, and blood pressure are part of the clinical findings in nutritional assessment.

True



19. An increase in muscle strength is a sign of malnutrition.

False (Muscle weakness is a common sign of malnutrition).



20. The hand grip dynamometer is used to assess mental health.

False (It assesses muscle strength).



21. The Total Daily Energy Expenditure (TDEE) can be calculated using Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) and an activity factor.

True



22. A sedentary person has an activity factor of 1.9 when calculating TDEE.

False (The activity factor for a sedentary person is 1.2).



23. Direct calorimetry measures energy expenditure based on heat loss from the body.

True



24. Indirect calorimetry is widely used in clinical settings to assess energy balance.

True



25. Haematological screening in nutritional assessment includes measuring urea and creatinine.

False (Those are biochemical parameters; hematological screening includes blood cells).



26. The doubly labeled water method uses stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen for TEE measurement.

True



27. Fluid balance does not play a role in nutritional assessment.

False (Fluid balance is important in nutritional assessment).



28. An activity factor of 1.55 is suitable for someone with a moderate activity level.

True



29. Energy expenditure can be affected by both stress and activity factors.

True



30. Patients at nutritional risk should be screened only if they show obvious symptoms of malnutrition.

False (Screening should be done routinely).



31. The hand grip strength test is beneficial for assessing mental dysfunction.

False (It assesses physical strength).



32. DEXA scans are a form of body composition measurement used in nutritional assessment.

True



33. Plasma levels of magnesium, potassium, and phosphorus are unimportant in assessing refeeding syndrome.

False (These levels are critical).



34. The MUST screening tool can be used in community settings to assess malnutrition risk.

True



35. Functional assessment in nutritional screening includes hand grip and mental scoring systems.

True



36. Poor appetite is not a significant factor in assessing malnutrition risk.

False (Appetite is a key factor).



37. A patient's diet history should be considered in nutritional assessment.

True



38. Anthropometric methods can help assess both height and adiposity.

True



39. A decreased appetite could indicate a risk of malnutrition.

True



40. Transferrin levels in the blood are irrelevant in nutritional assessment.

False (They are relevant in assessing nutritional status).



41. Direct calorimetry is less accurate than indirect calorimetry.

False (Direct calorimetry is more accurate but expensive).



42. Refeeding syndrome involves shifts in fluid and electrolytes during nutritional rehabilitation.

True



43. Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) requires advanced, expensive equipment.

False (It is relatively simple and inexpensive).



44. A body composition analysis using BMI alone is comprehensive enough for assessing malnutrition.

False (Multiple measures are needed for a comprehensive assessment).



45. Food intake should be evaluated in all patients at risk of malnutrition.

True



46. Undernutrition should be regarded as a minor concern in patient care.

False (It is a significant concern).



47. Nutritional screening is designed to identify patients at nutritional risk.

True



48. A stress factor is irrelevant when calculating Total Daily Energy Expenditure (TDEE).

False (The stress factor is part of the calculation).

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Nutritional screening and assessment

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Sample MCQs:

1. What is the most common substance in the human body?

A) Oxygen

B) Water

C) Sodium

D) Glucose
Answer: B) Water



2. Which of the following factors affect body water content?

A) Age, sex, and amount of fat cells

B) Blood type and exercise

C) Diet and sleep patterns

D) Height and weight
Answer: A) Age, sex, and amount of fat cells



3. What percentage of total body water is found in intracellular fluid?

A) 25%

B) 33%

C) 42%

D) 60%
Answer: C) 42%



4. Which type of dehydration involves the equal loss of water and electrolytes?

A) Hypotonic dehydration

B) Hypertonic dehydration

C) Isotonic dehydration

D) Hyponatremic dehydration
Answer: C) Isotonic dehydration



5. Which hormone plays a key role in regulating fluid balance by influencing kidney water reabsorption?

A) Insulin

B) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

C) Growth hormone

D) Melatonin
Answer: B) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)



6. What is the primary role of aldosterone in fluid balance?

A) Increases sodium and water retention in the kidneys

B) Increases potassium excretion in the liver

C) Stimulates thirst sensation in the hypothalamus

D) Decreases blood volume during hypovolemia
Answer: A) Increases sodium and water retention in the kidneys



7. What condition occurs due to an abnormal retention of water and sodium in the extracellular fluid?

A) Hypovolemia

B) Hypernatremia

C) Hypervolemia

D) Hypokalemia
Answer: C) Hypervolemia



8. Which process involves the movement of water and diffusible substances across a membrane from higher pressure to lower pressure?

A) Osmosis

B) Filtration

C) Active transport

D) Diffusion
Answer: B) Filtration



9. Which solution is commonly used to treat a hypotensive patient with fluid volume deficit?

A) Dextrose 5% in water

B) 0.9% Sodium Chloride (Normal Saline)

C) 0.45% Sodium Chloride

D) Dextrose 10% in water
Answer: B) 0.9% Sodium Chloride (Normal Saline)



10. What does the sodium-potassium pump primarily regulate?

A) Potassium levels in the bloodstream

B) The movement of sodium out of the cells and potassium into the cells

C) The excretion of sodium through the kidneys

D) The release of potassium from the liver
Answer: B) The movement of sodium out of the cells and potassium into the cells





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Write nursing diagnosis about fve

What you will find when you assess a skin? in this case

Mention to the assessment of

Cv
Respiratory
Renal
Integumentary

Case of hypervoemia