Medicine 🫀

What is the diagnosis?

Pterygium

A benign overgrowth, which can destroy vision not only through occlusion but also through corneal distortion. This case is advanced, so surgical treatment is necessary with post excision Mitomycin-C therapy to prevent regrowth.

@ IhabFathiSulima
@ Umair_AK98

No fever.
Abdominal pain.

What is the most likely diagnosis?
Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP)

✅Dx:
▪️An acute immunoglobulin A (IgA)–mediated disorder.

▪️Characterized by a generalized vasculitis involving the small vessels of the:
▪︎Skin
▪︎GI tract
▪︎Kidneys
▪︎Joints
▪️Rarely:
▪︎The lungs
▪︎CNS
H/t: Grepmed

@ IhabFathiSulima @ • @ DrShadyYousif1

The patient presents with a widespread rash, fever, and lymphadenopathy, often accompanied by facial swelling.
Blood tests show eosinophilia.
The symptoms developed shortly after the patient used a drug two weeks ago.

What is the diagnosis?

DRESS syndrome (Drug Rash with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms)



(Reference (twitter) @ hemo_shk and @ habFathiSulima)

Rubella virus

The picture illustrates congenital rubella syndrome, characterized by

1) Congenital cataract
2) Deafness
3) Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) 4) Microcephaly
5) "Blueberry muffin" rash

Athetosis: slow, involuntary, and writhing movements of the limbs

Cause: Diffuse hypermyelination of corpus striatum and thalamus

https://t.me/ayah1023

صباح الخير، للأجر هذي قناة فيها مقاطع قصيرة لسماع القران🤍

You can access the pdf version of PG too 🤩 #diseases #PG

Calciphylaxis: a rare but potentially life-threatening condition characterized by dermal and subcutaneous arteriolar calcifications that cause painful skin necrosis

Risk factors
◦ ESRD who are receiving dialysis
◦ Comorbidities: diabetes mellitus, obesity, CKD-mineral and bone disorder, warfarin therapy

Clinical features
◦ Intensely painful skin lesions, e.g.: livedo reticularis, purpura, plaques, nodules
◦ Necrotic skin ulcerations typically covered with black eschar
◦ Areas of firm, painful, subcutaneous tissue
◦ Secondary bacteremia and sepsis

All the information above are obtained from AMBOSS

Dieulafoy lesion: minor mucosal trauma to an abnormal submucosal artery (usually located in the proximal stomach) leads to major bleeding (acute upper GI bleeding)

It can be hard to visualize a Dieulafoy lesion on endoscopy because it is missing an ulcer base.

Treatment includes endoscopic hemostasis (injection therapy, hemoclips, etc.) or excision of the susceptible mucosa

https://youtu.be/tzJQDen1nug?si=tviabPLzIma5GUs8

Causes of secondary hypertension: (AMBOSS mnemonic)

RECENT:
Renal (e.g., renal artery stenosis, glomerulonephritis)
Endocrine (e.g., Cushing syndrome, hyperthyroidism, Conn syndrome)
Coarctation of the aorta
Estrogen (oral contraceptives)
Neurological (raised intracranial pressure, psychostimulants use)
Treatment (e.g., glucocorticoids, NSAIDs)

Retrocaval ureter: a congenital abnormality in which the right ureter runs posterior to the inferior vena cava.
So IVC obstructs the ureter —> causing hydronephrosis

ملخص لل Valvular heart diseases جدا جميل ماشاء الله انصحكم تشوفونه
الله يجزاها خير اللي سوته🤍