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❖ Substances that absorb or emit light discontinuously in the form of small packets or bundles.
❖ The smallest packet of energy is called quantum (plural quanta).
❖ The radiation is propagated in the form of waves.
❖ The energy of a quantum is directly proportional to the frequency of the radiation
E ∝ v
E = hv
E = (hc)/ λ =hc v
Where E = Energy of radiation
h = Planck's constant
= 6.626 * 10^-27 * erg .sec
= 6.626 * 10^-34 Joule.sec
❖ A body that can absorb or emit energy in whole number multiple of quantum.
E = nhv
Where n = 1, 2, 3, 4
❖ The frequency of emitted radiation goes from lower to higher as the temperature increases.