Computet hardware and Networking

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Transmission control protocol (TCP) and internet protocol (IP) are two separate computer network protocol that defines a set of rules to govern communication among all devices connected to the internet. TCP transport is often used to transfer data across IP Network.

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Non-impact : Laser printer

-- It is type of non impact printer.

-- This printer works like a photocopy machine.

-- Using pattern of small dots, a laser beam transfers information from the computer to a positively charged drum.

-- The toner ( ink powder) detaches from all those areas of the drum that becomes neutralized.

-- As the paper rolls by the drum, the toner (ink powder) is transferred to the paper, printing the letters or other graphics on the paper.

-- A hot roller bonds the toner to the paper.

-- It prints the whole page at a time.

-- Depending on the model, it either can print in colour or black and white.

-- A laser printer costs more than an inkjet printer but the running cost ( toner cost per page ) is much lower.

Non-impact : Inkjet printers

-- Inkjet printers work in the same fashion as dot-matrix printer, however here, the dots are formed by tiny droplets of ink

-- inkjet printers from character on paper by spraying ink from tiny nozzels through an electrical field that arranges the charged particles into characters at the rate of approximately 250 characters per second (cps).

-- The ink is absorbed into the paper and dries instantly. Inkjet printers can print in colours too.

-- Ink cartridge per page costs is much higher than that of a Laser printer.

Impact printer : line printer

-- It is a type of impact printer.

-- Where enormous amount of material is to be printed, users need line printers.

-- Line printer, or line-at-a-time printers , used a special mechanism that can print a whole line at once.

-- They can print the range of 1,200 to 6,000 lines per minute(Ipm).Drum, Chain and band printers are line-at-a-time printers.

Impact printer :- Dot Matrix Printer

Dot Matrix printer is an example of impact printer which print text on paper by using ting dots to form desired character.

-- It uses an array of metal pins known as print head to strike an inked printer ribbon and produce dots on paper.

--It prints with a speed of 100 to 600 character per second (cps).

-- The number of pins used in print heads varies from 9 to 24 .

-- It can print only in black and white.

Impact printer :- Where there is a physical contact between the print head, ribbon or cartridge and paper ( media).

Non- impact printer :- Where there is no physical contact between the print head, cartridge and paper( media).

Types of printers

Based on the technology used, printers are broadly Categoriesed as :-

Printer :-

(I) Impact printer

(a) Character printer
(i) Dot Matrix
(b) Line printer

(II) Non- impact printer

(a) Character printer
(i) Ink-jet printer

(b) Page printer
(i) Laser printer

Printing Technology

There are a variety of technologies that are used in computer printers ever since the invention of printing technology.

Now-a-days, printers come with multipurpose functions which include scanner, photocopier , fax, etc. This helps to serve different needs based on the form the different types of technologies.

Q.What is printer?

A. A printer is an electronicmechanical device which converts text and graphical documents for an electronic from to a physical form.

The quality of printers is indefined by features like colour quality, speed of printing, resolution, etc.

Printers are external peripheral devices which are connected with computers or laptop through a cable or wirelessly to receive Input and print them on paper.

There are times when we all like to take print outs of documents such as reports, statements, images or just information that we need it everyday.

HOW BIOS WORKS
 
----  Power On Self Test (POST)

 ---- Bootstrap Loader

 ----- Setup utility program

 ---- BIOS drivers

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Characteristics of internet

---- Internet is a complex network.
---- A decentralized system.
---- Composed of billions of file.
---- It is widely used.
---- Dynamic(Internet is the changing every minute of everyday. Thousands of websites and other resources are daily upload on internet).

The internet started as a united states government project in the year 1969, called the advanced research projects administration network (ARPANET).

Learn more about internet:-

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Uniform Resource Locator (URL) :- URL are the unique address of the available resource . A URL is divided into four parts

(a) Transfer protocol :- https://

(b) Server name :-
www.facebook.com

(c) Directory path :- /

(d) File name :- abhay maurya

Example:-
https://www.facebook.com/abhaymaurya